摘要
对西方国家权力监督思想进行批判性考察和借鉴是构建中国廉政制度的有益探索。古希腊柏拉图的'美善民主'、亚里士多德的'政体三要素'、古罗马西塞罗的'混合共和'等人民监督思想,经历中世纪奥古斯丁的'权力罪恶论'、阿奎那的'正当权力论'、马基雅维利的'君主权威论'等'防恶'权力监督思想,以及启蒙时期霍布斯的'国家集权说'、洛克的'分权制衡说'、孟德斯鸠的'权力分设说'、卢梭的'人民主权说'、狄德罗的'平等制约说'等'主权'监督理论的发展完善,直到近代西方汉密尔顿的'联邦政体分权制衡'、托克维尔的'分权民主专制'和韦伯的'民主理性工具论'等'国家民主'权力监督体系,这些西方监督思想至今仍然具有'耀眼'的理论价值和'朴素'的现实意义。
It would be a meaningful attempt to construct an honest and clean government system in China by critically examining and drawing lessons from the power supervision ideas of Western countries.The people’s supervisory ideas of Plato,Aristotle and Cicero in ancient Greece and ancient Rome,such as'Good Democracy','Three Elements of Politics'and'Mixed Republicanism',were developed and improved by Augustine(anti-evil power supervisory thought),Aquinas(theory of legitimate power),Machiavelli(theory of sovereignty),and so on in the Middle Ages.During the Enlightenment,Hobbes’theory of centralization of state power,Locke’s theory of separation of powers and checks and balances,Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers,Rousseau’s theory of people’s sovereignty,Diderot’s theory of equal restriction and other theories of sovereignty supervision appeared and became perfected,till modern Western Hamilton’s theory of'separation of powers and checks and balances in the federal system'and Tocqueville’s theory of'separation of powers and checks and balances'came into being.The power supervision system of'national democracy'such as decentralized democratic autocracy and Weber’s'democratic rational instrumentalism'still has'dazzling'theoretical value and'simple'practical significance.
出处
《廉政学研究》
2018年第2期85-98,204-205,99-101,共16页
Clean-Governance Study
基金
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目“南京国民政府监察制度研究”(CXZZ12_00333)
江苏省人民检察院检察理论研究课题项目“检察机关调查核实权研究”(JSJC2018_13)
关键词
西方学说
廉政建设
权力监督
腐败治理
思想演变
Western Doctrine
Clean-Government Construction
Power Supervision
Corruption Control
Evolution
