摘要
对山苍籽鲜果通过水蒸气蒸馏提取山苍籽油工艺进行了初步研究。以山苍籽油的得油率和山苍籽油中主要成分柠檬醛含量为技术指标,分两步讨论影响山苍籽出油量和技术指标的因素:(1)讨论了水蒸气蒸馏提取山苍籽油的外因因素,如蒸馏时间、物料与水的配比、物料处理与否以及蒸馏方式。得到最佳工艺路线是采用回水蒸馏法,提取4 h,鲜果与清水的质量配比为2:3,不对物料进行处理。(2)讨论了水蒸气蒸馏提取山苍籽油的物料因素,包括物料成熟度、采摘时间、存放时间及物料品种,得到指导农民采摘山苍籽以及油农蒸馏山苍籽的一些简单规律。最后对回水蒸馏法得到的山苍籽油进行GC-MS分析,得到主成分及次要成分的分布,对比传统蒸馏工艺,回水蒸馏法能够提高8%～10%的出油量,提高山苍籽油中主要成分柠檬醛含量6%～8%(质量分数),以及降低杂质石竹烯含量40%～60%(质量分数)。
In this paper, the main factors influencing production of Litsea cubeba seeds oil by steam distillation were studied. Taking the oil yield and the content of main component citral in Litsea cubeba oil as the technical indicators, the influencing factors on them were discussed in two parts. First, the external factors, such as distillation time, the mass ratio of seeds to water, conducting pretreatment or not, and distillation method were discussed. The best result came from backwater distillation, when the distillation time was 4 h, mass ratio of seeds to water was 2/3, and the seeds were without pretreated. Second, the material factors, including the seeds maturity, picking time, storage time and plant varieties, etc. were investigated. The GC-MS analytical technique was used to analyze the samples obtained in the experiment. The results were compared with data obtained in traditional distillation. By using backwater distillation method, the oil yield and the content of main component citral could be increased by 8% to 10% and 6% to 8%, respectively, and the content of β-caryophyllene could be reduced by 40% to 60%.
作者
余杰坤
李维虎
张宁
肖志红
YU Jie - kun1, LI Wei - hu1, ZHANG Ning1, XIAO Zhi - hong2(l.Yongzhou Samshiang Flavours ＆ Fragrances Company, Yongzhou 425000, Hunan, China; 2.Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China)
出处
《香料香精化妆品》
CAS
2018年第5期6-11,26,共7页
Flavour Fragrance Cosmetics
基金
湖南省重大专项资助项目(项目编号:2016NK1001)
关键词
山苍籽
提取工艺
山苍籽油
Litsea cubeba
extraction process
Litsea cubeba oil
