摘要
【目的】比较不同提取方法对山苍子油提取效率与抗氧化活性的影响,通过GC-MS分析,研究山苍子油成分构成与抗氧化活性的内在关联,分析山苍子油抗氧化活性的主要物质基础。【方法】采用液液萃取（分别加以超声波与磁化辅助处理）、二氧化碳超临界萃取以及水蒸气蒸馏法提取山苍子油,DPPH法比较不同提取方式对山苍子油抗氧化活力的影响,GC-MS分析山苍子油的主要成分,并以1,4-二溴苯为内标,采用面积归化法解析主要成分的相对含量。【结果】山苍子油具有显著的抗氧化活性。液液萃取法的提取效率与山苍子油抗氧化活性最高,超声波辅助处理油得率最高,为26.3%,磁化辅助处理抗氧化活性最优,达到31.22 mg·mL^-1（IC50）,二氧化碳超临界萃取法次之,抗氧化活性为56.95 mg·mL^-1（IC50）,水蒸气蒸馏法抗氧化活性最弱,为64.95 mg·mL^-1（IC50）;GC-MS分析检测出122种以上的化合物,包括12种脂肪酸,16种萜烯,18种含氧萜烯以及其他微量化合物包括烯烃、醇、酮类与烷烃等。GC-MS分析结果表明：山苍子干果主要成分为饱和脂肪酸（月桂酸等）、不饱和脂肪酸（9,12-十八碳二烯酸、9-十八碳烯酸等）以及α蒎烯、β蒎烯、柠檬烯等萜烯、氧化萜烯类物质。液液萃取法得到的山苍子油脂肪酸含量（53.51%-66.61%）明显高于二氧化碳超临界萃取（17.64%）与水蒸气蒸馏法（8.1%）,而二氧化碳超临界萃取与水蒸气蒸馏法得到的萜烯、氧化萜烯类含量分别达到29.37%和17.69%,明显高于液液萃取法（6.49%-9.75%）。【结论】磁化辅助处理有利于抗氧化活性物质的提取,且不饱和脂肪酸的含量最高;超声波辅助处理可以提升油的得率;水蒸气蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取法更有利于萜烯类化合物的获取;联系到水蒸气蒸馏法得到的山苍子油富含萜烯化合物却显示较低的抗氧化活性（64.95 mg·mL^-1）,
【Objective】The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of three common methods on the DPPH radical scavenging activity and the rate of extraction of Litsea cubeba from the dry fruit. GC-MS analysis was carried out to perform the correlation between chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts. 【Method 】The antioxidant extracts of Litsea cubeba were obtained using liquid-liquid extraction（ with ultrasonic assisted or magnetic assisted）,SFE（ CO2 supercritical fluid extraction） and steam distillation extraction. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured by a free radical scavenging method using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（ DPPH）. The GC-MS analysis of Litsea cubeba extracts were carried out with added 1,4-dibromobenzene which served as an internal standard. Peak area normalization was used to get the relative amount of main compounds in the respective extracts. 【Result 】Results demonstrate that the oil has significant antioxidant activity. The natural antioxidants are most effectively extracted by employing liquid – liquidextraction. The ultrasonic assisted liquid-liquid extraction exhibiting the highest oil yields of 26. 34%,while magnetic agitation extraction showed highest antioxidant activity of 31. 22 mg·mL^-1（ IC50）. The antioxidant activity of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is 56. 95 mg·mL^-1. Steam distillation showed lowest antioxidant activity of 64. 95 mg·mL^-1.More than 122 compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis,including 12 kinds of fatty acids,16 kinds of terpenes,18 kinds of oxygenated terpenes,and other trace compounds including alkenes,alcohols,ketones,and alkanes from these extracts. GC-MS results show that the main components of the oil of Litsea cubeba from dried fruit are saturated fatty acid such as lauric acid,unsaturated fatty acids such as 9-Octadecenoic acid,9,12-Octadecadienoic acid and various terpenes and oxygenated terpenes such as α-pinene,β-pinene,limonene and citral. The fatty acid content of liq
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期124-131,共8页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
The Kevin O’Shea professor foundation
