摘要
目的 探讨北京市社区伴或不伴抑郁、焦虑症状的老年人认知功能的差异,分析抑郁、焦虑发病状况及对认知功能的影响.方法 采用方便抽取方法,2017年10月—2018年1月在北京市6家社区中60岁及以上的老年人群中进行问卷调查,包括自编一般资料调查表、9项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）及认知觉察缺陷问卷（PDQ-5）,调查老年人群抑郁、焦虑状况及认知功能损害情况.结果 共纳入622名研究对象,抑郁症状检出率为8.36％（52/622）,焦虑症状检出率为12.54％（78/622）,抑郁伴焦虑症状检出率为5.95％（37/622）,认知功能损害检出率为43.73％（272/622）.老年女性认知功能损害多于男性,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=5.19,P〈0.01）.抑郁症状阳性者认知功能损害比例（44/52,84.61％）高于阴性者（228/570,40.00％）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=38.55,P〈0.01）;焦虑症状阳性者认知功能损害比例（67/78,85.90％）高于阴性者（205/544,37.68％）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=64.44,P〈0.01）.Logistic回归分析发现,老年人群认知功能损害的危险因素为女性（OR=1.98,95％CI=1.21-3.25,P〈0.01）、焦虑症状（OR=27.89,95％CI=3.54-219.45,P〈0.01）.结论 PHQ-9、GAD-7可有效检出老年人抑郁、焦虑症状,PDQ-5可尽早发现老年人认知功能损害.老年女性伴有焦虑症状的人群认知功能损害更显著.
Objective To study the difference of cognitive function between the elderly with depression and anxiety symptoms in Beijing community and the elderly without depression and anxiety symptoms, and to analyze the incidence of depression and anxiety and its impact on cognitive function. Methods From October 2017 to January 2018, a questionnaire survey was conducted in the elderly aged 60 and above from 6 communities of Beijing using convenience sampling method. The survey included a self-made general data questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 （PHQ-9）, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 （GAD-7） and Perceived Deficit Questionnaire-5 （PDQ-5） to investigate depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Results A total of 622 patients were recruited. The detection rate of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, depression complicated with anxiety and cognitive impairment was 8.36% （52/622）, 12.54% （78/622）, 5.95% （37/622） and 43.73% （272/622） respectively. The cognitive impairment in female was more than in male, and the difference was statistically significant （χ^2=5.19, P 〈 0.01）. The proportion of cognitive impairment in patients with positive depressive symptoms （44/52, 84.61%）was higher than that in negative ones （228/570, 40.00%）, and the difference was statistically significant （ χ^2=38.55, P 〈 0.01）. The proportion of cognitive impairment in patients with positive anxiety symptoms （67/78, 85.90%） was higher than that in negative ones （205/544, 37.68%）, and the difference was statistically significant （ χ^2=64-44, P 〈 0.01）. The result of Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of cognitive impairment in the elderly were female （OR=1.98, 95%CI=1.21- 3.25, P 〈 0.01） and anxiety symptoms （OR=27.89, 95% CI=3.54-219.45, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions PHQ- 9 and GAD-7 can effectively detect depression and anxiety symptoms in the elderly, and PDQ-5 can detect cognitive impairment in the elderly as early as possible. C
作者
周晶晶
杨健
周佳
王鹏飞
杨洁
潘伟刚
Zhou Jinging;Yang Jian;Zhou Jia;Wang Pengfei;Yang Jie;Pan Weigang(Bering Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,the National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders ＆ Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders,Belting 100088,China)
出处
《神经疾病与精神卫生》
2018年第8期543-547,共5页
Journal of Neuroscience and Mental Health
基金
国家重点研发计划（2016YFC1307200）
北京市医院管理局重点医学专业发展计划资助（ZYLX201607）
北京市医院管理局“登峰”人才培养计划（DFL20151801）
北京市属医院科研培育计划（PX2018064）
关键词
老年人
抑郁
焦虑
认知功能
社区
Aged
Deoression
Anxiety
Cognitive function
Community
