摘要
目的调查中山市三至六年级小学生心理健康状况,为今后制定干预措施提供参考。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2016年3~6月由中山市博爱医院抽取中山市八所小学三至六年级共计4 568名学生,采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)进行横断面调查。结果心理健康问题检出率为11.82%,至少有1项焦虑异常的比例为26.02%;焦虑异常的前四位分别为身体症状(9.36%)、过敏倾向(7.94%)、冲动倾向(7.71%)和对人焦虑(7.71%);女生和男生恐怖倾向[(4.901±2.143)分vs(4.691±2.173)分]和自责倾向[(4.598±2.429)分vs(4.379±2.447)分]比较,女生明显高于男生,孤独倾向[(3.298±2.081)分vs(3.491±2.934)分]比较,女生明显低于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);年级间比较,学习焦虑:五、六年级比四年级高,四、三年级比五年级低;对人焦虑和过敏倾向:三、四、五年级比六年级高;孤独倾向:三、四年级比六年级高,六、五年级比三年级低;自责倾向:六年级比五、四、三年级高;身体症状:五年级比四年级高;冲动倾向:五年级最高,四三年级次之,六年级最低。以上各项指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中山市高年级小学生心理健康状况不容乐观,尤其是身体症状、过敏倾向、冲动倾向和对人焦虑几方面,需采取有针对性的干预措施。
Objective To investigate the mental health status of primary school students from the third grade to the sixth grade in Zhongshan city, and to provide reference for further prevention and intervention. Methods Using random cluster sampling, a total of 4 568 students in the third to sixth grades from 8 primary schools in Zhongshan city were selected from March 2016 to June 2016. A cross-sectional study was conducted using Mental Health Test（MHT）.Results The detection rate of mental health problems was 11.82%, and the proportion of students with at least one anxiety disorder was 26.02%. The top four anxiety disorders were body symptoms（9.36%）, sensitive tendency（7.94%）, impulsive tendency（7.71%）, and human anxiety（7.71%）. Terror tendency and self-accusation tendency of girls were significantly higher than those of boys：（4.901±2.143） vs（4.691±2.173）,（4.598±2.429） vs（4.379±2.447）, P〈0.05. Loneliness tendency of girls was significantly lower than that of boys：（3.298±2.081） vs（3.491±2.934）, P〈0.05. The scores of learning anxiety were significantly higher in the sixth and fifth grades than in the fourth grades, and also in the fifth grade than in the fourth and third grades（P〈0.05）. The scores of human anxiety and sensitive tendency were significantly higher in the third, fourth and fifth grades than in the sixth grades（P〈0.05）. The scores of loneliness tendency were significantly higher in third and fourth grades than in sixth grades, and also in the third grades than in the sixth and fifth grades（P〈0.05）. The scores of self-accusation tendency were significantly higher in the sixth grades than in the fifth, fourth and third grades（P〈0.05）. The scores of body symptoms were significantly higher in the fifth grades than in the fourth grades（P〈0.05）. The scores of impulsive tendency in the third and fourth grades were significantly higher than that in the sixth grades, and lower than that in the fifth grades（P〈0.05）. Conclusion T
作者
何淑华
高建慧
陈昂
苏妹珍
叶春红
杨月萍
HE Shu-hua;GAO Jian-hui;CHEN Ang;SU Mei-zhen;YE Chun-hong;YANG Yue-ping(Child Heahhcare Department,Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City,Zhongshan 528403,Guangdong,CHINa)
出处
《海南医学》
CAS
2018年第18期2637-2640,共4页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
广东省医学科学技术研究基金(编号:A2014891)
广东省中山市科技计划项目(编号:2015B1016)
关键词
学龄儿童
心理健康
心理健康诊断测验
调查
School children
Mental health
Mental Health Test （MHT）
Investigation
