摘要
目的了解广西壮族自治区小学生的心理健康状况,为小学生实施心理健康教育提供依据。方法使用心理健康诊断测验(MHT),通过分层随机整群抽样法,于2018年9—12月调查广西壮族自治区47所小学的7672名三~六年级学生的心理健康状况。结果广西小学生严重问题检出率为1.7%,有1项及以上阳性因子数的被试占总体54.3%,学习焦虑的阳性检出率排在首位,占总体48.1%。心理健康状况在性别之间差异有统计学意义(t=-8.526,P<0.001),女生总体心理健康水平低于男生[男(36.93±12.23)分,女(39.39±13.03)分]。心理健康状况在独生子女与非独生子女之间差异有统计学意义(t=-6.272,P<0.001)。心理健康状况在城乡学生之间差异有统计学意义(F=123.099,P<0.001),农村学生的心理健康水平最低[城市(35.56±13.41)分,县城(36.20±12.53)分,农村(40.30±11.94)分]。多元线性回归分析显示,小学生心理健康状况的影响因素有性别(P<0.001,95%CI:1.724~2.870)、年级(P<0.05,95%CI:0.030~0.544)、民族(P<0.001,95%CI:0.434~0.873)、独生子女与非独生子女(P<0.05,95%CI:0.210~1.608)、生源地(P<0.001,95%CI:1.649~2.376)。结论广西小学生的心理健康状况较好,男生、独生子女、城市、汉族小学生的心理健康状况较好,其影响因素有性别、年级、独生子女与非独生子女、民族、生源地。
Objective To understand the mental health status among primary school students in Guangxi Province,and to provide evidence for primary school students to implement mental health education.Methods The mental health diagnostic test(MHT)was used to investigate the mental health status among 7672 students from Grade 3 to Grade 6 in 47 primary schools in Guangxi Province from September to December 2018 through stratified random cluster sampling.Results The detection rate of serious problems in primary school students was 1.7%,and the subjects with one or more positive factors accounted for 54.3%of the total.The positive detection rate of learning anxiety ranked the first,accounting for 48.1%of the total.There was statistically significant difference in mental health status between different gender(t=-8.526,P<0.001),and the overall mental health level of female students(39.39±13.03)was lower than that of male students(36.93±12.23).The difference of mental health status between single and non-single children was statistically significant(t=-6.272,P<0.001).The difference in mental health status between urban and rural students was statistically significant(F=123.099,P<0.001),and the mental health level of rural students was the lowest[urban(35.56±13.41),county(36.20±12.53),rural(40.30±11.94)].Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of mental health status of primary school students were gender(P<0.001,95%CI:1.724-2.870),grade(P<0.05,95%CI:0.03-0.544),ethnic group(P<0.001,95%CI:0.434-0.873),singleton and non-singleton(P<0.05,95%CI:0.210-1.608),and origin(P<0.001,95%CI:1.649-2.376).Conclusion The mental health status of primary school students in Guangxi Province is good.And gender,the one-child,cities,the nationality are the influencing factors of mental health.
作者
余欣欣
王洁莹
杨静
YU Xin-xin;WANG Jie-ying;YANG Jing(Department of Psychology,Department of Education,Guangxi Normal Universiy,Guilin 541004,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2019年第12期1089-1093,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“民族地区农村中小学积极心理健康教育体系构建研究”(BMA160022).
关键词
心理健康
检出率
小学生
心理健康诊断测验
Mental health
Detection rate
Primary school students
Mental health diagnosis test
