摘要
目的分析广州市萝岗区儿童青少年近视的流行状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法分别在萝岗区的城区和农村学校中抽取小学、初中和高中各1所,每所学校随机抽取3个班开展问卷调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、双眼裸眼视力、用眼卫生行为等情况,对调查对象的近视发生情况及其影响因素采用X^2检验和logistic回归进行统计分析。结果共对804名学生进行调查,年龄范围8~18岁,平均年龄为(13.81±4.08)岁。男生441人(占54.85%),女生363人(占45.15%);农村地区学校学生410人(占51.00%),城区学校学生394人(占49.00%);小学生270人(占33.58%),初中生277人(占34.45%),高中生257人(占31.97%)。近视学生429例,近视发生率为53.36%,其中中重度近视188例(占43.82%)。左右眼裸眼视力均值为(4.80±0.35)。多因素分析结果显示,男生发生近视的可能性是女生的0.59倍,初中生发生近视的可能性是小学生的3.38倍,高中生发生近视的可能性是小学生的11.71倍;经常趴着写作业发生近视的可能性是不趴着写作业学生的1.47倍;经常躺着看书发生近视的可能性是不躺着看书发生近视的可能性的3.28倍;看电视时间>2 h/d发生近视的可能性是不看电视发生近视的可能性的2.52倍。结论广州市萝岗区儿童青少年近视发生率高,重度近视所占比例大。性别为女性、经常趴着写作业、经常躺着看书和经常看电视是中小学生近视的危险因素。
Objective To determine the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Luogang District. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select one primary school, one junior school and one high school among urban and rural schools in Luogang District. Three classes were randomly selected from each selected school to carry out a questionnaire sur- vey, which included social demographic characteristics, binocular vision, eye hygiene behavior, etc. The prevalence of myopia and its influencing factors were analyzed using a chi-square test and logistic regres- sion. Results A total of 804 students were interviewed, including 441 boys （ 54. 85% ） and 363 girls （45. 15% ） , aged from 8 to 18 years, with an average age of （13.81±4. 08） years. Of the respondents, 410 （51.00%） were from the rural schools, 394 （49.00%） from the urban schools; 270 （33.58%） were primary school pupils, 277 （34. 45% ） junior high school students, and 257 （31.97%） senior high school students. There were 429 students with myopia, with a prevalence rate of 53.36% , including 188 （43.82%） students with moderate and severe myopia. The mean visual acuity of left and right eyes was （4. 80±0. 35 ）. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the boys were 0. 59 times more likely to devel- op myopia than girls; the junior middle school students were 3.38 times and the high school students were 11.71 times more likely to develop myopia than the pupils; the students who often leant over the desk while doing homework were 1.47 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not; the students who often read in a lying down position were 3.28 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not; the students who watched TV for 〉 2 h/d was 2. 52 times more likely to develop myopia than those who did not watch TV. Conclusion Both prevalence rates of myopia and the proportion of severe myopia are high in children and adolescents in Luogang District, Guangz
作者
冯秀琼
陈维清
FENG Xiu-qiong;CHEN Wei-qing(Guangzhou Huangpu District Center for Disease Con-trol and Prevention,Guangzhou 510530,China;School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2018年第4期331-337,共7页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
儿童
青少年
近视
Child
Adolescent
Myopia
