摘要
目的研究在有公卫医师参与背景下的小学生预防近视健康教育干预的效果,制定能真实反映小学生近视知识知晓率的操作方案。方法采取整群抽样的方法,从某社区小学三年级所有班级中抽取3个班级作为干预组,其他班级作为对照组,对干预组的学生开展为期3年的预防近视健康教育干预,并在干预前后对所有班级学生进行问卷调查,并测裸眼视力,最终对结果进行比较分析。结果干预后,干预组和对照组的近视知识知晓率分别为69.20%和49.21%;干预组在真假近视、放松眼睛、户外活动3类知识的知晓得分上均显著高于对照组(Z>1.96,P<0.05);干预组和对照组近视率分别为49.66%和64.86%,干预组的近视率低于对照组(χ2=11.553,P<0.05)。结论有公卫医师参与的健康教育干预可明显提高小学生预防近视的知晓率,降低近视患病率。户外活动时间与预防近视、如何放松眼睛以及真假性近视的认识这3类问题在干预组和对照组中的差异最显著。有必要从以上3类问题入手,制定详细的操作方案。
Objective To study the effect of health education intervention for preventing against myopia among primary school students under the background of public health physicians' participation, to develop the operation scheme which can reflects myopia knowledge awareness of the primary school students. Methods Using the method of Cluster sampling, the 3 classes were drawn from all grade three classes in Xinqiao Town as intervention group, the other classes were as control groups. The three-year myopia prevention intervention was carried out in the intervention group, and all students were conducted by questionnaire survey and check the naked eye vision before and after intervention to analyze the related data. Results The awareness of knowledge about myopia of intervention group and control group were 69.20% and 49.21 respectively. The awareness of 'true and false myopia', 'relax your eyes', and 'outdoor activities' in the intervention groups were significantly higher than the control groups(Z>1.96, P<0.05). The prevalence of myopia in intervention group and control group were 49.66% and 64.86% respectively, were statistically significant(χ2=11.553, P<0.05). Conclusion The health education intervention under the background of public health physicians' participation can obviously increase the awareness of knowledge about myopia among primary school students, and decrease prevalence. In the awareness of knowledge about myopia, outdoor activity time and the prevention of myopia, how to relax your eyes, and the understanding of the true myopia or pseudo myopia were the most significant difference in the intervention groups and control groups. A detailed operation scheme should be developed on the basis of these three problems.
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2015年第4期274-277,共4页
Health Education and Health Promotion
基金
上海市松江区第三周期医学领先专业项目(2012-III-31)
关键词
近视
知晓率
公卫医师
干预
小学生
Myopia
Awareness
Public health physicians
Intervention
Primary school students
