摘要
违约金作为违约责任形式的一种,在民商事领域被广泛运用,其中违约金酌减规则是当代大陆法系国家违约金制度的核心内容之一。我国《合同法》第114条第2款中虽规定了违约金酌减规则,但该规则在立法和司法层面存在诸多的问题。通过介绍违约金酌减的相关理论后,提出在民法典合同法编修订过程中关于违约金酌减规则的立法建议。首先应区分违约金性质,明确惩罚性违约金一般不予酌减,赔偿性违约金可适用酌减规则;其次要对现有的酌减考量因素种类进行整合;最后明确赔偿性违约金酌减过程中主要考量因素是"违约造成的一切损失"。
As one of the forms of liability for breach of contract, liquidated damages is widely used in civil and conmlercial affairs, where the penalty is one of the core contents of Continental law system. Article 114 paragraph 2 of PRC Contract Law also specifies the liquidated damages reduction rules, but due to the imperfect of legislation makes the rule was abuse in judicial practice. The purpose of this paper is to through the introduction of the related theoryof liquidated damages, analysis of the rules in our country legislation and judicial exists many problems, put forward in the process of civil code revision for liquidated damages reduction rules of legislative proposals. First of all, it is necessary- to distinguish the nature of liquidated damages, and the penalty is generally not deductible. Secondly, we should integrate the existing discretionaryfactors. Finally, it is clear that the main consideration in the process of compensation penalty is all losses caused by default.
作者
庄云霞
ZHUANG Yunxia(School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210046,China)
出处
《盐城工学院学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第3期18-22,共5页
Journal of Yancheng Institute of Technology（Social Science Edition）
关键词
违约金酌减
惩罚性违约金
赔偿性违约金
酌减考量因素
reduction of liquidated damages
punitive liquidated damages
compensatory liquidated damages
factors of reduction ofliquidated damages
