摘要
[目的]探讨针对尘肺病患者的慢性病自我管理模式的临床效果。[方法]选取2015年8月—2016年12月在深圳市职业病防治院及湖南省职业病防治院尘肺病科住院的169例尘肺病患者为对照组,实施传统护理方案;选取2017年1月—2017年10月在两医院住院的131例尘肺病患者为研究组,在传统护理的基础上实施自我管理模式。干预8周后,组织两组患者填写疾病认知问卷、自我效能量表及简明生存质量量表(WHOQOL-BREF)并比较干预前后两组患者健康知识水平、自我效能及生存质量改善等情况。[结果]干预前,两组患者在疾病认知、自我效能、生存质量量表总评分,以及各维度评分方面的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预8周后,两组患者疾病认知、自我效能、生存质量量表总评分,自我效能各维度评分、生存质量各维度评分均高于干预前,同时,干预组以上各评分均优于对照组,除了生存质量量表的社会领域维度之外,其他项目评分的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或0.05)。[结论]传统护理和慢性病自我管理模式对提高患者的生存质量均有帮助,而采取慢性病自我管理模式的效果更为明显,值得在临床上推广。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of self-management model among the patients with pneumoconiosis. [Methods]During January to October 2017,self-management model was introduced into 131 hospitalized patients with pneumoconiosis,while they received the conventional treatment as before. After intervention for 8 weeks the questionnaire survey,including the scale for health knowledge,self efficacy scale and World Health Organization quality of life scale（WHOQOL-BREF）,etc,were conducted. The available results were compared with those of 169 patients treated with only conventional nursing method during August 2015 to December 2016. [Results] The baseline survey showed that there was no statistical difference of scale scores for health knowledge level,self efficacy and life quality of patients between these two groups（P〉 0.05）. After intervention for 8 weeks,all the scale scores in two groups were increased. However,it showed that the scores of patients in study group were statistically superior（P〈 0.05 or P〈 0.01）,except for the score of social domain dimension in life quality scale. [Conclusion]Both self-management model and conventional nursing method can improve the life quality of the patients,and self-management mode is more useful. It can be introduced into patients with pneumoconiosis.
作者
刘璐
章一华
朱德香
邹蓉
李爱清
LIU Lu;ZHANG Yihua;ZHU Dexiang;ZOU Rong;Ll Aiqing(Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518020,China;Hunan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases,Changsha,Hunan 410007,China)
出处
《职业卫生与应急救援》
2018年第3期208-211,共4页
Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue
基金
深圳市科技创新委员会科技项目(JCYJ20150403091305477)
深圳市重大职业病诊疗技术实验室(CXB201111250112a)
国家职业病临床重点专科建设项目(WY2011873)
关键词
尘肺病
自我管理
疾病认知
自我效能
生存质量
慢性病
pneumoconiosis
self-management
disease cognition
self efficacy
life quality
chronic disease
