摘要
针对干旱沙区水资源短缺、水分利用效率较低、"白色污染"等问题,在内蒙古乌兰布和沙区开展了2 a的可降解地膜膜下滴灌田间试验.试验设置2种类型的地膜覆盖(可降解地膜和普通地膜)与3个灌溉定额(低水、中水和高水)共6个处理,研究了可降解地膜覆盖下不同灌水处理对干旱沙区玉米生长、产量、土壤含水率、耗水量及水分利用效率WUE的影响.结果表明:可降解地膜覆盖下的玉米生长和产量与普通地膜覆盖的差异不具有统计学意义,抽雄期后耗水量较大,而WUE显著降低;可降解地膜覆盖下灌水量对玉米生长、产量、土壤含水率、耗水量及WUE有显著的影响,灌水量增加会促进玉米生长,延缓后期玉米衰老,增加玉米产量,2 a均为高水处理的产量最大,分别为13 614.97,13 726.68 kg/hm^2,且与中水处理的差异不具有统计学意义;耗水量随灌水量增加呈上升趋势,而WUE随灌水量增加呈抛物线趋势,2 a中水处理的WUE均为最大,平均分别比高水、低水处理的高2.77%,19.56%.
In order to solve the problems of water resources shortage, low water use efficiency and ＂white pollution＂ in arid sand areas, a field experiment on 2-year degradable mulch drip irrigation was carried out in Ulan Buh Desert Region in Inner Mongolia. Two types of film mulch （degradable film and ordinary film） and three irrigation quotas （low water, moderate water and high water） were involved, and six treatments were resulted in total. The effects of irrigation treatment on maize plant height, leaf area index, yield, water consumption and water use efficiency （ WUE ） were identified. The results show that there is no statistical significance in the height, leaf area index and yield under degradable mulch. Moreover, the water consumption after the maize tasseling stage is large, but the WUE is significantly low. The irrigation quota under degradable mulch has important influence on maize plant height, leaf area index, yield, water consumption and WUE . The increase of irrigation quota can promote maize plant growth, delay late maize aging and increase the yield of maize. In 2-year high water treatments, the highest yields of maize are 13 614.97 and 13 726.68 kg/hm^2, respectively, but have no statistical significance from that in the moderate water treatment. The water consumption rises with increasing irrigation quota, while WUE increases in a parabolic function of irrigation quota. In 2-year moderate treatments, the largest WUE is reached, and it is 2.77% and 19.56% better in average than those in both low and high water treatments.
作者
丁宗江
李仙岳
郭宇
冷旭
王美荣
DING Zongjiang;LI Xianyue;GUO Yu;LENG Xu;WANG Meirong(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China)
出处
《排灌机械工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期1092-1097,共6页
Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51469022
51669020)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2016JQ06)
内蒙古自治区水利科研专项(NSK2016)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目
关键词
可降解地膜
干旱沙区
滴灌施肥
玉米
生长规律
耗水规律
degradable mulching film
arid sandy area
drip fertigation
maize
growth law
water consumption law
