摘要
目的分析2010—2017年上海市奉贤区学校水痘突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为采取有效防控措施和免疫策略提供科学依据。方法通过突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统,收集2010—2017年奉贤区报告的学校水痘突发公共卫生事件相关资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2017年奉贤区共报告学校水痘突发公共卫生事件4起,临床确诊病例85例,罹患率为0.42%;发病高峰在10—11月及4—5月;发病年龄主要集中在17~19岁,以高中生和大学生为主;男女性别比为1.43∶1;有水痘疫苗免疫史的病例其临床症状较轻;应急接种能减少水痘续发病例。结论 2010—2017年奉贤区学校水痘突发公共卫生事件病例呈现明显的季节性高峰,无免疫史大年龄组学生为高发人群;尽早开展应急接种是控制水痘疫情的有效措施。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella public health emergencies in schools in Fengxian District of Shanghai from 2010-2017,and provide a scientific basis for adopting the effective prevention and control measures and immunization strategy.[Methods] Data of varicella public health emergencies in schools in Fengxian District from2010-2017 were collected from the public health emergency reporting management information system,and were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.[Results] A total of 4 varicella public health emergencies were reported in schools in Fengxian District from 2010-2017,85 cases were clinical diagnosis,and the attack rate was 0.42%.The peak seasons were from October to November and April to May.Most cases occurred in the 17-19 year-old group,mainly were high school students and college students.The male-to-female ratio was 1.43 ∶ 1.Cases with immunization of varicella vaccine（Var V） had a mild clinical symptom.Emergency vaccination could reduce the secondary cases of varicella.[Conclusion] There is an obvious seasonal peak of varicella public health emergencies in schools in Fengxian District from 2011-2017,and students in older age group without Var V are the high-risk population.Carrying out emergency vaccination as soon as possible is the effective measures to control the epidemic situation of varicella.
作者
李瑞平
高彩红
吴芳
沈群英
曹美芳
俞辉红
LI Rui-ping;GAO Cai-hong;WU Fang;SHEN Qun-ying;CAO Mei-fang;YU Hui-hong(Department of lmmunization Planning,Fengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201499,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第14期1964-1967,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
水痘
学校
突发公共卫生事件
流行病学特征
Varicella
School
Public Health Emergency
Epidemiological Characteristics
