摘要
王安石与司马光同处北宋中期政治变革与儒学复兴的时代,他们对法度的不同认识,反映了他们对时代课题的不同思考。王安石的法度思想主要包括法先王之道、众建贤才和礼乐刑政三个基本方面,而司马光的法度思想则主要包括先王之法皆合于道、有治人无治法等方面。他们的法度思想中都体现了对孟荀思想的融合,不过是在不同层面的融合。王安石一方面继承孟子"法先王"的思想,另一方面又赋予"先王之道"以荀子式的"礼乐刑政"之内涵,并且认为"法先王之道"之所以可能乃在于"法其意",这又与荀子"法后王"的思想逻辑相一致。司马光则一方面继承孟子"率由旧章"的思想逻辑,而另一方面他也没有接受孟子的仁政思想,而是主张荀子之礼制。在治法与治人的关系问题上,王安石主张两者相辅相成、缺一不可;司马光则强调治人的首要性,治法不具有独立价值。从现代的角度看,王安石的思想更符合现实政治的运行规律。
Wang Anshi and Si Maguang both lived in the Song dynasty when it was coming into being political transformation and revival of Confucianism. The ideas that they hold about law reflected the different thinking about the problems of their time. Wang Anshi ＇ s law theory includes following sage -kings, cultivating talents and LiYueXingZheng. While the law theory of Si Maguang includes the law of sage-kings corresponding with Dao, human but not law and so on.Although their law theories beth embodies the fusion Mengzi with Xunzi , but what Wang Anshi inherits is ＂following sage-kings＂ and strictly speaking is ＂following its implication＂ .While what Si Maguang inherits was ＂Shuaiyoufiuzhang＂ of Mengzi, but he just accepted the Etiquette of Xunzi but not the Benevolent Government of Mengzi. With respect to the relation of law and human, Wang Anshi believes they are complementary and integral, but Si Maguang holds that human takes priority over law and law hadn ＇t independent value.Our research thinks that Wang Anshi ＇ s thought is better than that of Si Maguang.
出处
《理论界》
2018年第5期70-79,共10页
Theory Horizon
关键词
王安石
司马光
法度
重建秩序
孟荀融合
治法与治人
Wang Anshi
Si Maguang
law
reconstruction
the fusion of Mengzi and Xunxi
law and human
