摘要
目的了解乌鲁木齐市新市区、水磨沟区、天山区0~3岁儿童家长对儿童接种二类疫苗的意愿情况及其影响因素,为乌鲁木齐市预防接种及相关工作的顺利开展提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,在乌鲁木齐市天山区、水磨沟区、新市区3条街道的社区卫生服务机构对629名儿童家长进行问卷调查,用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库,用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果有25.9%的家长知道一类和二类疫苗的区别;71.1%的家长愿意给儿童接种二类疫苗;疫苗知晓率影响因素单因素分析:儿童家长文化程度(χ~2=10.819,P<0.01)、儿童家长的族别(χ~2=11.220,P<0.01)、是否为独生子女(χ~2=11.280,P<0.01)是影响因素;疫苗接种意愿影响因素:"不了解或不知道"占54.1%(79/146)、"时间不方便""价格不合理"分别占33.6%(49/146)、30.8%(45/146)。结论儿童家长对二类疫苗预防接种相关知识的认知率较低,认知主动性不足;家长的文化程度、族别、子女独生状况等都是影响其对二类疫苗知晓率及接种意愿的明显因素。二类疫苗预防接种信息的获取途径主要来源于医疗卫生行业人员宣传介绍。由于家长没有充分的时间、认为疫苗价格不合理等也是影响接种意愿的因素。
[ Objective ]To understand the willingness of vaccinating class Ⅱ vaccine for their 0-3 years old children among parents and its influencing factors in Xinshi, Shuimogou and Tianshan district of Urumqi, and provide a reference for smoothly developing vaccination and related work.[Methods]A total of 629 children＇s parents were selected by cluster sampling and investigated in community health service institutions in Xinshi, Shuimogou and Tianshan district of Urumqi. The database was established by EpiData 3.1 software and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. [Results] 25.9% of parents knew the difference between class I and class Ⅱ vaccine, and 71.1% of parents were willing to vaccinate class Ⅱ vaccine for their children. The single factor analysis showed that the culture degree of children＇s parents （X^2= 10.819, P〈 0.05）, the nation of children＇s parents（X^2= 11.220, P〈 0.05） and whether the only child （X^2= 11.280, P〈 0.05） were the influencing factors of vaccine awareness rate. The influencing factors of vaccination intention：＂ not knowing or not realizing＂ accounted for 54.1% （79/146）, ＂inconvenient time＂accounted for 33.6% （49/146）, and ＂ unreasonable price＂accounted for 30.8% （45/146）. [Conclusion] The The awareness rate of class II vaccine immunization knowledge among children＇s parents are low, and the cognitive initiative is insufficient. The parents＂ cultural degree, nation and only child status are the obvious factors that influence their awareness rate of charge vaccine and vaccination intention. The way to obtain the class Ⅱ vaccine information is publicity and presentation of medical personnel. Having not enough time and thinking vaccine price unreasonable are also the influencing factors of vaccination intention.
作者
郑红霞
王丽
ZHENG Hong-xia;WANG Li(Department of Health Service Management, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830011, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第12期1673-1677,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
新疆医科大学第11期大学生创新项目(CX-2016095)
关键词
家长
二类疫苗
意愿
Parents
Class Ⅱ vaccine
Willingness
