摘要
为给稻茬小麦水肥优化管理提供对策,以国审小麦品种兰考198为供试材料,连续两年在河南信阳研究了水(正常和渍水)、氮(0、225和300 kg·hm^(-2))处理对小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明,水氮处理对小麦产量与品质性状的影响表现为氮>水>水×氮。施氮处理可显著提高小麦穗数、穗粒数、产量、籽粒容重、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值,对千粒重影响不大。渍水处理降低了小麦籽粒产量、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值,但两种水分处理间差异不显著;渍水对产量构成三因素的影响也因年降雨量的不同有所差异,对籽粒容重无显著影响。因此,在当前土壤水分含量相对较高的豫南稻茬麦区,氮肥仍是决定小麦籽粒产量与品质性状的关键因素。
To explore the optimum management strategies of water and fertilizer in southern Henan province,effects of water and nitrogen on yield and quality of wheat were systematically studied in the field experiment for two consecutive years with two water treatments（normal and waterlogging） and three nitrogen levels（0 kg·hm^-2 ,225 kg·hm^-2 ,300 kg·hm^-2 ）. A national wheat cultivar-Lankao 198 was used as material in this experiment. The results showed that the effects of nitrogen treatment on the yield and quality of wheat were greater than those of water,and the interaction between nitrogen and water was not significant. Nitrogen application could significantly increase the number of spikes,grains per spike,grain yield,grain weight,protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value,but had little effect on 1 000-kernel weight. The grain yield,protein content,wet gluten content and sedimentation value of wheat under waterlogging treatment were slightly lower than those under the normal water treatment,but the difference between the two water treatments did not reach the significant level,and the influence on yield components also differed due to the annual rainfall. At the same time,waterlogging treatment had no significant effect on grain weight. Therefore,nitrogen as a key factor would continuously affect grain yield and quality traits of wheat,and moisture content is not the key factor affecting the grain yield and quality traits which was attributed to the relatively high soil moisture content in the paddy field in southern Henan province.
作者
翟羽雪
刘宇娟
张伟纳
谢旭东
周国勤
谢迎新
冯伟
王晨阳
郭天财
ZHAI Yuxue;LIU Yujuan;ZHANG Weina;XIE Xudong;ZHOU Guoqin;XIE Yingxin;FENG Wei;WANG Chenyang;GUO Tiancai(College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046,China;Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Science,Xinyang,Henan 464000,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期578-583,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD26B01)
农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303102)
河南省小麦产业技术体系岗位专家项目(S2010-01-G07)
关键词
氮肥
水分
稻茬小麦
产量
品质
Nitrogen
Water
Paddy wheat
Grain yield
Quality
