摘要
改革开放后,我国农民收入增长结构的变化表现在收入来源、收入阶层及区域3个维度。在收入来源方面,工资性收入稳定快速增长,进而逐渐取代经营性收入成为对增收贡献度最大的收入来源;在收入阶层方面,低收入户和中等偏下户收入增长偏慢,低收入户与高收入户的增收动力结构差异明显;在区域方面,各地农民增收动力结构呈现出不同模式,收入增速地区差距较大并由此影响到区域收入不平等的变动。我国农民收入增长结构性特征的形成,是城市化与工业化、农业发展方式、农民自身禀赋、"三农"政策、区域发展格局等因素综合作用的结果。通过对农民收入增长的结构性分析,既能总结农民增收的规律与经验,也揭示出农民增收中存在的财产性收入贡献度低、分配公平性不足等问题和矛盾。今后需适应经济新常态的变化,着力增强农民增收的可持续性与公平性。
The changes of the income growth structure of farmers in China are represented in three dimensions including income source, income level and region. From income source dimension, wage income has been growing steadily as well as fast and has then gradually replaced the business income as the income source making largest contribution to income growth. From income level dimension, the income growth of low income households and lower middle income households was relatively slow, and there is obvious difference in dynamic structure of income growth between low income households and high income households. From region dimension, dynamic structure of income growth of farmers in different regions shows different patterns; besides, the gap in income growth rate among different regions is great and it has affected the change of regional income inequality. The formation of the structural characteristics of farmers＇ income growth in China is a combined result of many factors including urbani- zation and industrialization, the agricultural development mode, farmers＇ factor endowment, policy of agriculture, regional development pattern and etc. Through structural analysis of farmers’ income growth, we can not only summarize relevant rule and experience but also reveal the problems and contradictions in income growth such as low contribution of property income and lack of equity in income distribution. Later on, it is necessary to adapt to the changes in the new norm of economy and focus on enhancing the sustainability and equity of farmers＇ income growth.
作者
潘文轩
王付敏
PAN Wenxuan;WANG Fumin(Party School of CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee, Shanghai Academy of Development, Shanghai 200233, Chin)
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期2-11,共10页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)
基金
全国统计科学研究项目(2016LY97)
关键词
农民增收
结构性特征
增收动力结构
可持续性
公平性
income growth of farmers
structural characteristics
dynamic structure of income growth
sustain-ability
equity
