以审判程序为中心,以证据为依据,以法律为准绳——答舒国滢、宋旭光的商榷被引量：6

Taking Judicial Procedure as the Center, Taking the Evidence as the Basis, and Taking the Law as the Criterion of Trial——Reply to Shu Guo-ying and Song Xu-guang's Objections

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摘要在司法审判中,"证据"一词有其松散意义和严格意义。松散意义上的证据是指在法庭上出示的证言(言辞证据)和证物(实物证据);严格意义上的证据是指法官做出司法裁决的依据,它是经过法庭辩论环节而被法庭认可和接受的一组事实性陈述。司法审判属于"社会治理"范畴,有多重目标,例如追求客观真相,维护公平正义,解决争议和纠纷,保护公民权利,维持社会的良序运作。追求真相并不是司法审判的唯一目标,有时候甚至不是其首要目标。司法审判还受到很多其他因素的制约,例如价值论考虑"保护人权",经济学考虑"成本和效益",时效性考虑"迟到的正义非正义",以及诉讼双方可利用的资源,诉讼参与方的认知能力,等等。司法审判应该通过设计周全且得到严格执行的司法程序去保证作为判案依据的证据事实的可靠性,去实现对客观真相以及对公平正义的追求。"以审判程序为中心,以证据为依据,以法律为准绳"应该成为司法审判的指导原则。 In judicial trial, the word ＂evidence＂ has its loose meaning and strict meaning. In its loose sense, evidence refers to the evidential materials presented in court, including testimony （verbal evidence） and evidence （physical evidence）. In its strict sense, evidence refers to the basis of judicial decision made by the judges, consis- ting of a set of factual statements recognized and accepted by the court through a process of fierce debate between the prosecution and the defense. Judicial trial has multiple objectives, such as pursuing objective truth, maintaining fairness and justice, resolving disagreements and disputes, protecting the rights of citizens, keeping the orderly operation of the society. The pursuit of truth is not the only goal of a judicial trial, and sometimes not even its primary goal. Judicial trial is also restricted by many other factors, such as axiological considerations like the protection of human rights, economical consideration like the costs and benefits, timeliness consideration like ＂the late justice is not justice＂, the limits from the resources being able to be used by the parties, and from the cognitive ability of the parties, etc.. Judicial trial should ensure the reliability of the evidence as legal facts, and achieve the pursuit of ob- jective truth, fairness through the design and the strict implementation of comprehensive judicial procedures. ＂Taking the judicial procedure as the center, taking the evidence as the basis, and taking the law as the criterion of the trial＂ should become the guiding principle of judicial trial.

作者陈波 Chen Bo(Department of Philosophy, Peking University, Beijing 10087)

机构地区北京大学哲学系

出处《政法论丛》 CSSCI 北大核心 2018年第2期3-12,共10页 Journal of Political Science and Law

基金国家社会科学基金重大项目"当代逻辑哲学重大前沿问题研究"(项目号17ZDA024)的阶段性成果

关键词司法审判事实证据程序正义司法裁决客观真相 judicial trial fact evidence fair procedure judicial decision objective truth

分类号 DF03 [政治法律—法学理论]