摘要
目的 了解某市有毒有害作业工人职业健康监护的开展情况,为制定该市职业病防治策略提供科学依据.方法 于2017年1月,收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统2010年1月1日至2016年12月31日该市在岗有毒有害作业工人职业健康监护数据,分析该市职业健康监护情况的变化趋势,并比较不同经济类型、企业规模、行业性质及职业病危害因素作业工人的健康监护情况.结果 该市2010至2016年接触粉尘的作业工人职业健康监护实检率总体呈上升趋势（t=3.607,P＜0.05）,接触化学因素的作业工人职业禁忌证检出率总体呈上升趋势（t=3.071,P＜0.05）;疑似职业病检出率和职业禁忌证检出率在不同经济类型、企业规模、行业性质及职业病危害因素之间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,职业禁忌证检出率在国有经济（1.49％）、大型企业（1.24％）和制造业（0.84％）较高;物理因素致疑似职业病检出率（0.04％）和职业禁忌证检出率（1.15％）均较高.结论 该市职业健康监护情况不容乐观,应重点关注制造业从业人员的职业健康监护工作,提高疑似职业病的检出率,规范开展职业健康检查工作,以保护职业人群健康.
Objective To understand the status of occupational health surveillance to workers exposed to toxic environment in a city,so as to provide scientific basis for strategy of occupational diseases prevention.Methods In January 2017,collecting the data of on-the-job poisonous and harmful workers occupational health surveillance in the city from January 1,2010 to December 31,2016 in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,the trend of occupational health monitoring in the city was analyzed,and the differences between diverseeconomic types,enterprise scale,industry nature and hazard factors were analyzed and compared.Results The occupational health examination rate showed an overall upward trend in workers exposed to dust in the city from 2010-2016 （t=3.607,P〈0.05）,and the detection rate of occupational contraindications was on the rise in workers exposed to chemical factors （t=3.071,P〈0.05）.The detection rate of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseaseswere significant in different economic types,enterprise scale,industry nature and hazard factors （P〈0.05）.The detection rate of occupational contraindications was the highest among the large enterprises （1.24%）,the manufacturing industry （0.84%） and the state-owned economy （1.49%）.The detection rate of suspected occupational diseases （0.04%） and occupational contraindications （1.15%） were the highest in the physical factors.Conclusion Occupational health monitoring in the city is not optimistic.It is necessary to focuson the occupational health care of manufacturing practitioners,raise the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases,and standard the occupational health check work to protect the occupational health.
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2017年第12期903-906,共4页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
职业健康监护
疑似职业病
职业禁忌证
职业病危害因素
OccupationLal health surveillance
Suspected occupational diseases
Occupational contraindications
Occupational hazards
