摘要
历时12年的维生素C案在2016年告一段落,其中国际礼让原则在该案中扮演了至关重要的角色。美国国际礼让原则,源自荷兰后引入美国本土。在反垄断法这一特定领域,受国际经济全球化和柯里政府利益分析学说的影响,国际礼让原则的内涵发生嬗变,转而注重国家利益分析,成为自觉限制反垄断法域外适用的法律适用方法。美国法院在判例法中,早期仍然坚持保守主义,不断限缩礼让原则占据的空间地位。但另一方面,法院对国际礼让原则的适用规则不断进行演绎,细化为一系列以国家利益分析为基础的具体规则。在经历哈特福德案后,美国法院重新审视礼让原则在协调涉外法律冲突中的关键作用,主要通过对真实法律冲突进行限缩解释,扩大礼让原则的适用范围。国际礼让作为反垄断领域带有多元化因素的新单边主义方法,对于协调国家间的法律冲突可以发挥重要作用。在我国全面开放新格局历史进程中,国家全面推进"一带一路"国际合作,树立大国司法理念,建设国际司法合作平台。法院应当重视礼让原则的冲突协调价值,使礼让原则在整个国际冲突解决机制建设中发挥更积极的作用。
The 12-year Vitamin C case came to an end in 2016, where the doctrine of international comity played a crucial role. International comity originated in Netherlands and then was introduced into the United States. In the antirust law areas, under the influence of globalization of international economy and Currie＇s governmental interest analysis, the connotation of the doctrine of international comity has evolved and finally resulted in a new unilateral approach which limits the extraterritorial application of American antitrust law by making an analysis of national interests. In the case law, the U. S courts persisted in conservatism and narrowed the living space of comity doctrine in the early stage. But the courts have gradually developed this doctrine into a list of detailed rules based on analyzing the national interests in practice. After Hartford case, the U. S courts re-examined the fundamental role of the doctrine of international comity in coordinating international conflicts through narrowing the meaning of true conflict herein for expanding the application of this principle. Even to this day, as a unilateral approach with diversified elements, the doctrine of international comity still exerts a fundamental influence on the resolution of conflicts of laws in antitrust law areas. In the great way of Chinese economic reform, China builds up an international cooperation named ＂Belt and Road Portal＂ to promote global economic development which need us establishing the ideology of being a great power and provide a platform for international judicial cooperation. Therefore, Chinese courts should pay attention to the value of the principle of comity in coordination of conflict of laws so that the principle of comity will play a more active role in the construction of the entire international conflicts resolution mechanism.
作者
何叶华
HE Ye-hua(Law School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 China)
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第3期134-146,共13页
Hebei Law Science
基金
江苏省社科基金项目<江苏涉外民事审判的国际私法难点研究>(13FXC010)的阶段性成果
关键词
域外反垄断
国际礼让
国家利益
真实法律冲突
一带一路
extraterritorial antitrust
international comity
national interests
true conflicts
Belt and Road Portal
