摘要
以新疆玛纳斯湖为研究区,利用1972—2014年间8期遥感影像数据,在提取了湖泊水域信息的基础上对近40 a间玛纳斯湖水域演化进行了研究。结果表明,1972—2014年间玛纳斯湖呈现明显"增加—减小—增加—减小"变化态势,水域重心不断往西南方向偏移。1972—1999年间玛纳斯湖长期处于干涸状态,2000年恢复至研究期间最大水域面积(248.69 km^2),之后经历了2000—2008年和2011—2014年2次萎缩周期,面积变化幅度和动态度的计算结果显示,水域面积的退缩周期在缩短,退缩速度在加快。玛纳斯湖水域面积变化整体受气候变化的影响不大,但与极端高温和降水天气引起的超标准洪水关系密切,流域内人类活动是玛纳斯湖演化的主要原因。
With the Manas Lake in Xinjiang as the study area,by using eight remote sensing images from 1972 to 2014,and on the basis of extracting the information of lake water,the authors analyzed the evolution of the Manas Lake area in the past forty years. The results are as follows: The Manas Lake showed a significant "increase-decrease-increase-decrease"trend of change from 1972 to 2014,and the barycenter of water area was migrating in southwest direction. Lake had dried up from 1972 to 1999,then it restored the largest water area( 248. 69 km^2)in 2000,and after that it experienced two shrinking periods that happened in 2000—2008 and 2011—2014 respectively. Calculation result of area variation amplitude and dynamic degree shows that the shrinking period of the water area was shortened and the shrinking speed increased. In the past forty years or so,the change trend of lake water area was not consistent with the change trend of the Manas River. The authors point out that climate change has little effect on the change of the water area of the Manas Lake,but has an intimate relationship with extraordinary flood caused by extremely high temperature and extreme precipitation,and that human activities in the basin constitute the main reason for the evolution of the Manas Lake,which causes the declining of the function of supplying water resources to the lower reaches.
出处
《国土资源遥感》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期217-223,共7页
Remote Sensing for Land & Resources
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑项目"玛纳斯湖退化湿地生态恢复研究"(编号:201533109)
国家自然科学基金项目"新疆艾比湖流域潜在土地利用冲突动态演变及建模研究"(编号:41761113)
新疆师范大学地理学博士点开放课题"玛纳斯湖退化湿地景观格局变化研究"(编号:XJNU-DL-201604)
新疆师范大学"十三五"校级重点学科地理学项目共同资助
关键词
玛纳斯湖
时空变化图谱
驱动机制
遥感
Manas Lake
spatial evolution
driving forces
remote sensing
