摘要
高原山区高速公路特长隧道路段普遍偏多,且多为事故多发区段,存在诸多安全隐患。以云南省高原高速公路特长隧道路段为研究对象,对高速公路特长隧道路段进行了实地交通流数据调查与分析,采集了高原地区高速公路特长隧道路段试验车辆的车速与跟车距离数据。重点研究了跟车速度与跟车距离相对于高原特长隧道路段的变化趋势及影响因素,发现高原特长隧道路段跟车规律可以通过高斯函数进行较好拟合。进一步与平原长隧道路段行车特征进行比较分析,得出高原较平原地区高速公路特长隧道路段跟车风险更高的结论,并以加速度与跟车距离为变量构建高原特长隧道的行车危险评价模型,得到高原地区高速公路特长隧道各路段的行车危险性系数,以此评价高原地区高速公路特长隧道路段的安全性。研究结果表明高原特长隧道行车受光线变化的影响较为明显,在隧道进口和出口易出现"黑洞效应"和"眩光"现象,且"眩光"对行车的影响大于"黑洞效应",在"黑洞效应"和"眩光"作用时期行车危险性较高,其中高原特长隧道进口内部30 m与距出口80 m处位置危险性最高。通过在高原特长隧道出口处布设车辆控制设施是降低行车危险性的有效手段。
Expressways in plateau region have more extra-long tunnel sections and exist many potential safety risks. Taking extra-long tunnel sections in plateau region of Yunnan Province as the research object, the data of traffic flow of these sections are investigated and analysed, and the speed and car-following distance data of test vehicles in these sections are collected. The changing trends of car-following speed and distance relative to the plateau extra-long tunnel and the influencing factors are mainly studied. It is found that the regularity of car-following can be better fitted through gaussian function. Then, compared with the driving characteristics in plain long tunnel, it is concluded that car-following in plateau region extra-long expressway tunnel has higher risk. Taking acceleration and distance of car-following as variables, the risk evaluation model of driving in plateau region extra-long expressway tunnel is established, and the driving risk coefficient of each section of plateau region extra-long expressway tunnel is obtained to evaluate the safety of extra-long highway tunnel in plateau. The research result shows that （ 1 ） the influence of light changes on the driving in plateau extra-long tunnel is relatively obvious, the vehicle at tunnel entrance and exit easily appears the ＂black hole effect＂ and ＂glare＂ phenomenon, the influence of ＂glare＂ on driving is greater than that of ＂black hole effect＂, and the dangers of driving are higher in ＂black hole effect＂ and ＂glare＂ periods, especially the positions of 30 m inside the tunnel entrance and 80 m inside the tunnel exit have the highest risks; （2） setting vehicle control facilities at the exit of plateau extra-long tunnel is the effective measure to reduce the risk of driving.
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期112-120,共9页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71461015)
陆地交通气象灾害防治技术国家工程实验室开放研究基金项目(NELJA201605)
关键词
交通工程
跟车特征
危险系数
特长隧道
高原地区
traffic engineering
car-following characteristic
risk factor
extra-long tunnel
plateau region
