摘要
生态效益的监测与评估不仅是退耕还林工程有效性评价的重要环节,也是新一轮工程实施的重要理论基础。研究以陕西省为例,以1999-2014年退耕还林工程逐级统计数据和2个站点生态参数监测数据为基础,运用成熟、有效的森林生态服务评估体系和方法,对陕西省退耕还林生态效益进行了监测与初步核算。结果表明:(1)1999-2014年,陕西省退耕还林工程经历了先增后减的总体变化,共实施宜林荒山荒地造林128.11万hm^2,退耕地还林的造林101.56万hm^2,封山育林15.79万hm^2;(2)生态效益物质量测算结果显示,退耕还林工程已在发挥重要的生态调节功能,包括涵养水源22.7亿m3·a-1,固碳383.40万t·a-1等;(3)生态效益价值量测算结果表明,陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益总价值为965.31亿元·a-1,以涵养水源价值量最高,为272.07亿元·a-1。因此,初步结果表明,工程已在发挥重要成效,且价值量巨大,研究可为重大工程生态效益监测与评估、生态系统管理和生态补偿等提供理论参考。
Monitoring and assessment of ecological benefits is not only an important link to the effectiveness of evaluation on slope land conversion program,but also is an important theoretical base for new round project implementation.Shaanxi province is taken as a case in this study.The data is based on statistical data step by step and ecological parameters data measured in two monitoring stations of the project from 1999 to 2014.Ecological benefits was monitored and evaluated by using forest ecological service assessment system.The result showed that：i）the returning farmland increased at first,and then turned to decrease.The whole area of waste hills or unclaimed lands returned to afforestation is 128.11 million hm^2.The area of farmland converted to forest is 101.56 million hm^2.The area of close hillsides to facilitate afforestation is 15.79 million hm^2;ii）ecological benefits includes water conservation which is about 22.7billion m3/year,carbon sequestration 383.40 million t/year;iii）the whole ecological benefits value is 965.31 billion yuan/year.The value of water resources conservation is highest which is 272.07 billion yuan/year.The result suggested that Slope Land Conversion Program has played a good effect,with huge amount of ecological benefit,providing a theoretical reference for the ecological benefits of monitoring and evaluation,ecosystem management and ecological compensation.
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2017年第3期46-52,共7页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
基金
陕西省科学院重大项目(2016K-08)
应用基础研究项目(2004K-15)
(2012K-10)
(2014K-15)
青年人才培养项目(2015K-28)
陕西省科技厅农业攻关项目(2016NY-022)
西安市科技局现代农业推进专项(NC1206(2))
关键词
生态系统服务
生态监测
效益评估
退耕还林
Ecosystem service
ecological monitoring
benefit evaluation
returning farmland to forest
