摘要
轮状病毒是全世界范围内导致5岁以下婴幼儿严重腹泻的主要病原体,绝大部分儿童在婴幼儿时期都会感染此病毒.目前临床上没有治疗轮状病毒引起的腹泻的特效药,疫苗接种是控制轮状病毒的主要手段.随着轮状病毒疫苗的推广使用,由轮状病毒感染而引起的严重腹泻率和死亡率均显著下降,但是这些疫苗在轮状病毒导致的死亡率较高的部分低收入国家的免疫保护效果显著低于发达国家.高滴度的母源抗体可能是导致轮状病毒疫苗在低收入国家保护性低的原因之一,近年来,已经对母源抗体与轮状病毒疫苗有效性的关系进行了大量研究,结果表明,婴儿接种疫苗后的免疫应答与母源抗体滴度呈负相关,但是,不同研究中对母乳喂养是否影响婴儿免疫应答的结果存在一定的差异.因此,分析阐明母源抗体与轮状病毒疫苗有效性的相关性,从而为制定新的轮状病毒疫苗免疫策略提供依据,以提高轮状病毒疫苗在不发达国家的保护性.
Rotavirus is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis among children under five years of age worldwide. Most children are infected with rotavirus in their early childhood. Currently, no ef-fective treatment is available for diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection, and vaccination is the most effective way to prevent rotavirus infection. With the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, the morbidity and mortality of severe diarrhea in children caused by rotavirus infection are declined significantly, but these rotavirus vac-cines have significantly lower efficacy in developing countries in Africa and some countries in Asia where the mortality of rotavirus-related diseases is high than in developed countries. High titers of maternal antibodies may be one of the reasons why the efficacy of rotavirus vaccines is low in these countries. Extensive studies have been conducted on the relationship between neonatal response to rotavirus vaccine immunization and ro-tavirus-specific antibodies in the mother′s milk and serum in recent years. However, results of some studies are in conflict. In this review, we summarize the relationship between maternal antibodies and the immune responses after vaccination with rotavirus vaccines in order to provide basis for improving the efficacy of rota-virus vaccines in low-income countries.
作者
罗国兴
李廷栋
葛胜祥
Luo Guoxing Li Tingdong Ge Shengxiang(National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Mo- lecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen Univer- sity, Xiamen 361005, China （ Li Tingdong,Ge Shengxiang)
出处
《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期703-708,共6页
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
关键词
轮状病毒
母源抗体
乳汁抗体
疫苗
免疫应答
Rotavirus
Maternal antibody
Milk antibody
Vaccine
Immune response
