摘要
目的分析手足口病的病原学和流行特征,为该病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法选择深圳市某哨点医院2014年采集的手足口病患者肛拭子和粪便标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR技术检测肠道病毒并分型。结果 2014年深圳市某哨点医院共检测845例手足口病例,阳性数717例,总阳性率为84.85%(717/845)。其中,肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性196例,阳性率为23.20%(196/845),柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CVA16)阳性144例,阳性率为17.04%(144/845),其他肠道病毒(EV)阳性376例,阳性率为44.50%(376/845),EV71和CA16混合感染1例,阳性率为0.12%(1/845)。5月份为手足口病的高发季节。不同病原的阳性检出率呈现不同的季节分布特征:EV71在5-6月份检出率最高,CVA16在6-7月份检出率最高,EV分别在2和10月份有2个检出高峰。在实验室检测性病例中,5岁以下儿童占98.61%%(707/717);重症患者中,EV71阳性率为73.12%(68/93);死亡患者中,EV71阳性率为87.50%(7/8)。结论 2014年深圳市手足口病主要由其他肠道病毒引起;夏秋季是手足口病高发季节;5岁以下儿童为高危人群。EV71病毒是导致重症手足口病的主要病原体。
Objective To analyze the etiology and epidemiology characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures. Method Anus swabs and stool samples of hand,foot and mouth disease patients which were collected in a sentinel hospital of Shenzhen city in 2014 were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Results A total of 845 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease were detected in a sentinel hospital in Shenzhen in 2014,the overall positive rate was 84.85%（717/845）. Among them,the enterovirus 71（EV71）were positive in 196 cases,accounting for 23.20%（196/845）;the coxsackie virus A group 16（CVA 16）were positive in 144 cases,accounting for17.04%（144/845）;the other enterovirus（EV）were positive in 376 cases,accounting for 44.50%（376/845）;EV71 and CVA16 mixed infection was positive in 1 case. May was the high incidence season of hand,foot and mouth disease. The positive rate of different pathogens showed different seasonal distribution：EV71 was the highest in May and June,CVA16 was the highest in June and July,and the other enterovirus had two peaks in February and October. In laboratory test positive cases,the positive rate of children below 5 years old was 98.61%（707/717）;the positive rate of EV71 in severe patients was 73.12%（68/93）. And among the dead patients,the positive rate of EV71 was 87.50%（7/8）. Conclusions In2014,disease was mainly caused by the other enterovirus;Summer and autumn were the seasons of high incidence of hand,foot and mouth disease. Children below 5 years of age were at high risk. EV71 is the main pathogen of severe hand,foot and mouth disease.
作者
李枫
张仁利
杨洪
汪东篱
李燕
李攀
张胜
宾海华
LI Feng ZHANG Ren-li YANG Hong WANG Dong-li LI Yan LI Pan ZHANG Sheng BIN Hai-hua(Songgang Health Care Institute, Baoan District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518105 Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055 Guangming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen , Guangdong 518106, China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2017年第9期1247-1250,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
2015年深圳市宝安区科技计划社会公益项目(2015333)
