摘要
旅游业对环境的影响使得旅游可持续发展受到全世界的关注,并积累了丰富的研究成果,但从旅游生态效率视角探讨旅游可持续发展的文献还不多见。文章通过梳理生态效率概念的提出及其与可持续发展的关系,认为生态效率是对可持续发展的有效测度。在回顾旅游生态效率研究现状的基础上,发现既有研究成果主要集中在两个方面:第一,旅游生态效率的测度与评价;第二,旅游生态效率在目的地管理当中的应用。基于以上研究现状,文章从旅游生态效率的概念、研究领域、研究方法与研究时间段4个角度对既有成果进行了总结,并认为目前旅游生态效率研究的特征与趋势表现为4个方面:(1)旅游业碳排放估算对旅游生态效率的测度至关重要;(2)旅游生态效率测度方法较为单一;(3)旅游生态效率影响因素是目前研究的空白点;(4)数据包络法、随机前沿法等的应用将使旅游生态效率的研究更为深入。
Tourism has been regarded as low energy consumption and no pollution industry.As a matter of fact,almost all the elements of tourism industry including transportation,accommodation,recreational activities,catering,shopping and entertainment can produce carbon emissions.The tourism transportation has been considered to be the biggest contributor,which has accounted for 60%-95% of the total tourism carbon emission.Owing to the impact of tourism industry on the environment,the tourism sustainable development has been reached consensus all over the world.Although a wealth of research achievements has been accumulated,the number of literature exploring the tourism sustainable development from the perspective of eco-efficiency is a few.In the first place,based on combing the concept of eco-efficiency and reviewing its relationship with sustainable development,this essay considers that eco-efficiency is an effective measurement for sustainable development.Furthermore,after analyzing the related concept of eco-efficiency of tourism,this paper thinks that two purposes should be achieved in the result of tourism activities emphasizing eco-efficiency of tourism,namely,the impact of tourism on the environment is minimized and the impact of tourism on the economy is maximized.At the same time,the definition of eco-efficiency of tourism at home and abroad mainly draws on WBCSD s concepts of eco-efficiency.On the basis of reviewing the present study of eco-efficiency of tourism,the article finds that the research achievements are mainly concentrated in two sectors：the one aspect is about the measurement and evaluation of tourism eco-efficiency,the researcher evaluate the value of eco-efficiency in tourism destination through the selection of appropriate tourism economic indicators,and calculate the eco-efficiency value of tourism or tourism products at a certain point in time;the other aspect is about the application of tourism eco-efficiency in destination management,in other word,the eco-efficiency of tourism can be a strat
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期47-56,共10页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家社科基金"中国旅游文化史纲"(14WGL002)
国家旅游局万名旅游英才计划"旅游业生态效率测度及其比较研究"(WMYC20151030)资助~~
关键词
旅游生态效率
可持续
旅游业
the eco-efficiency of tourism
sustainable
tourism industry
