摘要
大陆法系国家和英美法系国家在违约金问题上都面临着共同的困惑,即如何判断违约金是否过高,如何确定其判断标准。英国最高法院在2015年通过两个上诉案件,重构了其历史上存在一百余年的违约罚金判断标准,并确立了以"次要义务--正当利益--完全不成比例原则"为一体的新标准,从程序和实体两个方面对违约金是否过高进行判断。我国虽是大陆法系国家,但违约金调减权在司法实践的行使已经严重失范,英国法上新确立的罚金判断标准对于规范我国违约金调减权的行使具有重要的参考价值。
Civil law countries and common law countries have always been concerned by the common problems about liquidated damages：how to judge liquidated damages is over excessive or not and how to determine the standards. The United Kingdom Supreme Court reconstructed the standard of penalties existed for over one hundred years through two appeals in 2015 and established the principle of ＂ secondary obligation legitimate interest out of all proportion＂ as the new systematic standard which judges the excessive liquidated damages from both procedure and entity. China is a civil law country but the reduction right on liquidated damages is not used properly in judicial practices. The new standard of penalties from British law provides significant reference values to regulate the use of chinese reduction right on liquidated damages.
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期23-36,共14页
Hebei Law Science
基金
2016年重庆市研究生科研创新项目<公共地役权制度在城市街区制建设中的优越地位及实现路径探究>(CYB16076)
西南政法大学2016年度学生科研创新计划项目<我国街区制改革中的法律路径选择--以公共地役权为视角>(2016XZXS-011)的研究成果
关键词
罚金
次要义务
正当利益
完全不成比例原则
违约金调减
penalties
secondary obligation
legitimate interest
out of all proportion principle
reductions on liquidated damages
