摘要
当代刑法理论中的最主要的两个对立立场是18世纪以来兴起的主观主义与客观主义的对立,近十几年来,我国刑法理论界也引进了这两种立场,并在学界产生了一定的争论。众所周知,在引进一种理论的时候,必须考虑本土的传统文化,正如孟德斯鸠所说:"法律是与一个国家的特定的风土人情,气候环境,人的思维等连在一起的"[1]7。我国传统历史中的刑法学,其立场是倾向于主观的,这种倾向,在封建社会的刑法条文以及司法实践中体现得非常明显,在民间的群体思维中,也有广泛的存在基础,基于这一文化特质,在两种立场对立的过程中,我们必须注意中国传统刑法与主观主义的这种天然亲和性,对这种现象加以重视,本文以明代为例,通过对明代的法律、案例以及文学作品中所反映的刑法思想来分析中国封建社会中存在的主观主义倾向。
The two main opposing standpoints in the contemporary criminal law theory are the opposition between subjectivism and objectivism arisen since the eighteenth century. In the past ten years, these two opposing standpoints introduced into the theoretical circle of criminal law in China, which causes some controversies in the academic circles. As we all know, local traditional culture should be considered in the process of introducing a theory. As Montesquieu said, "laws are associated with a country's particular customs, climate, environment, people's thinking". In traditional Chinese history, the standpoint of criminal law is inclined to be subjective, which is obvious in the criminal law provisions and judicial practices of feudal society. There is also a broad existence basis of the tendency in the folk group thinking. Based on this cultural trait, attention should be given to the natural affinity between Chinese traditional criminal laws and subjectivism in the process of opposition between the two standpoints. Taking Ming Dynasty as an example, the author analyzes the subjectivism tendency in Chinese feudal society by researching the criminal law thought reflected in Ming Dynasty's laws, cases and literary works.
出处
《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
2017年第4期88-95,共8页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
刑法学基本立场
主观主义
客观主义
明代刑法思维
basic standpoint of criminal law jurisprudence
subjectivism
objectivism
Ming Dynasty criminal law thought