摘要
航空结构承力连接件的螺栓孔边及其毗邻区域常会出现应力集中现象,研究连接件上的螺栓布局对飞机结构安全性有着重要的工程意义。为了优化孔边应力,建立了典型螺栓连接结构的有限元参数化模型;针对传统遗传算法(TGA)在工程应用上的局限性,结合单亲遗传算法(PGA)与混沌遗传算法(CGA)的优势,提出了新的单亲混沌遗传算法(PCGA);运用该算法并采用非均匀螺栓排布方案对连接件螺栓布局进行了优化,与原有螺栓布局设计方案相比,在30 MPa的静压工况载荷下可使孔边等效应力下降31.03%,再经过螺栓数量优化还可使螺栓数量减少近50%;最后,将该方法用于某型飞机机翼内外翼连接区域的螺栓布局优化,在最严重工况下可使7#肋与蒙皮连接处的最大等效应力下降了23.36%,且螺栓数减少10%。此方法为航空连接件螺栓布局设计提供了一种新思路。
The phenomenon of stress concentration often appears at the edge of the bolts hole and its adjacent areas in aviation engineering field. Therefore, the study on bolts layout of connection structure has important engineering meaning. In order to optimize stress at the hole edge, this paper establishes a parameterized model of bolts connec- tion structure based on the finite element method （FEM）. In view of the limitation of the traditional genetic algorithm （TGA） in engineering application, a new partheno-chaos genetic algorithm （PCGA） is proposed by combining partheno genetic algorithm （PGA） and chaos genetic algorithm （CGA）. The new algorithm is applied to optimize bolts layout design and a new method of non-uniformity is adopted. Compared with the original bolts layout design, the maximum hole edge stress is decreased by 31.03% under the condition of a surface pressure load of 30 Mpa; and the number of bolts can also be reduced approximately by 50% by the bolts quantity optimization. Last the method is applied to the bolt layout of the inner and outer wings of a certain aircraft. After the optimization, the number of bolts is decreased by 10% and the maximum equivalent stress of 7# rib and skin is decreased by 23.36% under the severe conditions. This method provides a new idea for bolts layout design in the connection area of aircraft structure.
出处
《西北工业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期414-421,共8页
Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University
基金
国家自然科学基金(51675426)资助
关键词
螺栓
布局优化
遗传算法
参数化
有限元分析
bolts
layout optimization
genetic algorithms
parameterization
finite element analysis
