摘要
以国内外高水平个人项目运动员赛前减量训练案例为研究对象,归纳赛前减量训练的负荷变化特征,得出如下主要结论。不同项目或项群赛前减量训练阶段按用时长短依次为:游泳和长距离竞速(非游泳)项目,短距离竞速(非游泳)、快速力量性和表现类项目,技战能主导类对抗类项目。负荷量下降幅度由大到小依次为:游泳和表现性项目,竞速类(非游泳)和快速力量性项目,技战能主导类对抗性项目。赛前减量训练阶段的日负荷量变化通常以前往比赛地为界分为2个阶段,其中,第1阶段多为练1(大负荷量)调1;第2阶段包括练2(大负荷量)调1和练1(中等负荷量)调1共2种基本形式;赛前3天左右主要以略微起伏的小负荷量训练为主。减量训练阶段的负荷强度与之前相比保持稳定或略有提高,具体表现为,竞速类项目中等强度训练比例的下降;其他项群表现为专项、实战、完整训练和技术训练比例的提高以及素质练习部分比例的降低。
As the research object to the tapering training cases of elite individual event athletes, the paper summarized the characteristics of training load. Thefollowing main conclusions includedthe duration between events and event-groups is different, from longer to shorter successively are swimming and long-dis-tance racing-group （except swimming）, short-distance racing-group （except swimming）, rapid strength-group and show-group, compete-group are shorter.The range of tapering from bigger to smaller successively are swimming and show-group, distance racing-group （except swimming） and rapid strength-group,compete-group. The changes of every day＇ s training load of taper general divide into 2 stages using the go to the competition site as boundary. The first stage＇ straining T1-A1 （training one day and adjustment one day）with high training volume for mare; the second stage include 2 types, the one is T1-A2 with hightraining volume, the other is T1-A1 with moderate training volume, the training before competition mainly using rolling low training volume. The training in-tensity in tapering remaining stable or increasing a bit, and can be reflected from training contents. Distance racing-group mainly for the enhance of high andlow training intensity contents ; the others mainly for the enhance of event-self training and technical training, at the same time, the proportion of physical abili-ty training is reducer.
出处
《天津体育学院学报》
CAS
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期8-15,共8页
Journal of Tianjin University of Sport
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:15CTY019)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(项目编号:10CTYJ07)
