皮划艇“专项能力强化型”微缩大周期水上训练负荷分布结构分析——基于微缩大周期与常规大周期的比较被引量：3

Analysis of the training load structure of the special-ability-intensive miniature macrocycle of kayak training:Based on the comparison between the miniature and regular macrocycle

下载PDF

导出

摘要目的:基于微缩与常规大周期的比较,分析皮划艇项目以“专项能力强化”为目标的微缩大周期水上训练分期设计特点及负荷结构特征。方法:以国家皮划艇队8名女子皮艇重点运动员为跟踪对象,对其12 w微缩大周期和23 w常规大周期的训练进行全程跟踪,完整采集了各级强度区间的训练负荷量、课程频次等数据,并对跟踪对象的专项成绩变化(500 m)进行了测试,对采集数据进行统计分析。结论:微缩大周期各阶段的二级划分不如常规大周期灵活,准备期比例可以小于竞赛期;“专项能力强化”目标的实现,一方面体现在坚持以有氧能力训练为重点,另一方面则是强调高强度、高乳酸性的混氧代谢能力训练;各级强度的分布结构在训练量上呈现为“金子塔型”结构形式,而在训练频次上则呈现为“W型”结构形式;微缩大周期负荷结构各阶段的变化与常规大周期明显区别,主要体现为以强化专项能力为目标,始终保持有氧能力与耐酸能力“并重”的强度分布结构,并在中后期加强速度能力的提升等。 Objective:Based on the comparison between the miniature and regular macrocycle,the article aimed to analyze the periodization feature and the water-training intensity distribution of the miniature macrocycle targeting the special ability improving of kayak training.Methods:Taking 8 female athletes of National Kayak Team as tracking object,the author observed the training throughout the 12 w miniature macrocycle and 23 w regular macrocycle,and carried out the special capacity tests of 500 m race,the statistical analysis of the data was performed.Conclusion:The secondary division of training period of miniature macrocycle is not flexible as the regular macrocycle,the proportion of preparation period can be shorter than the competition period;the realization of goal relative to special ability enhancement,on the one hand,was reflected in the adherence to the aerobic training,and on the other hand focused on the mixed oxygen metabolism ability training with high intensity and high lactic acid;the training intensity distribution presented as a pyramidal training structure in the training amount,and as a W structure in the training frequency;the change of training intensity distribution of the miniature was different from that of the regular macrocycle,as was mainly reflected that the intensity distribution structure targeted the special ability improvement with the focus on both aerobic ability and acid resistance ability,and in the middle and late stage on the speed ability.

作者余银高平 YU Yin;GAO Ping(Wuhan Sport University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;Texas State University,San Marcos 78666,TX,US)

机构地区武汉体育学院得克萨斯州州立大学

出处《山东体育学院学报》北大核心 2020年第5期86-95,共10页 Journal of Shandong Sport University

基金湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201821) 武汉体育学院“东湖学者”计划项目。

关键词皮划艇微缩大周期分期设计负荷强度分布赛前训练 kayak miniature training macrocycle periodization design training intensity distribution pre-competition training

分类号 G861 [文化科学—体育训练]