摘要
目的 探讨健康信念指导下的护理干预对提高大肠癌高危人群肠镜依从性的效果.方法 方便选取天津市南开区初筛已明确为大肠癌高危且尚未完成肠镜检查的人群260名,按随机数字表法将其分为干预组和对照组,每组130名.干预组接受以健康信念模式为指导的为期1年的护理干预,对照组只接受常规大肠癌筛查教育.结果 干预后干预组对大肠癌筛查认知、肠镜筛查认知、高危因素认知得分分别为（9.16±2.95）、（14.55±3.41）、（14.25±4.26）分,对照组分别为（7.28±3.26）、（12.23±3.72）、（13.12±4.11）分,2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=4.855、5.228、2.180,P〈0.01或0.05）;干预后干预组在健康信念易感性、益处、障碍、自我效能得分分别为（7.74±1.50）、（13.20±2.45）、（6.59±1.91）、（23.54±3.16）分,对照组分别为（6.68±1.47）、（11.58±2.15）、（8.42±1.99）、（20.82±3.02）分,2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=5.730、5.682、-7.561、7.096,P〈0.01）;2组最终肠镜实施率干预组为20.47%（26/127）,对照组为8.87%（11/124）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.719,P〈0.05）.结论 以健康信念模式为指导的护理干预帮助大肠癌高危人群树立了健康信念,提高了肠镜筛查的依从性,对早期大肠癌的检出率具有重要意义.
Objective To discuss the effects of nursing intervention under the guidance of health belief on enteroscopy compliance of colorectal cancer high-risk population. Methods A total of 260 people, who were clearly identified as colorectal cancer high-risk population during preliminary screening of 2 communities in Nankai District, Tianjin but had not finished enteroscopy, were selected and divided them into intervention group and control group with 130 people per group by random digits table method. In the intervention group, subjects received nursing intervention with guidance of the health belief model for a year, while in the control group, subjects simply received regular propaganda and education about colorectal cancer screening. Results After intervention, the cognitive levels in colorectal cancer screening, enteroscopy screening, high-risk factors was （9.16±2.95）, （14.55±3.41）, （14.25±4.26） points in intervention group and （7.28 ± 3.26）, （12.23 ± 3.72）, （13.12 ± 4.11） points in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups （t=4.855, 5.228, 2.180, P〈0.01 or 0.05）. After intervention, the scores of health belief including susceptibility, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy was （7.74 ± 1.50）, （13.20 ± 2.45）, （6.59 ± 1.91）, （23.54±3.16） points in intervention group, and （6.68 ± 1.47）, （11.58 ± 2.15）, （8.42 ± 1.99）, （20.82 ± 3.02） points in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups（t=5.730, 5.682,-7.561, 7.096, P〈0.01）. The rate of enteroscopy screening was 20.47%（26/127） in intervention group and 8.87%（11/124） in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups（χ2=6.719, P〈0.05）. Conclusions The nursing intervention under the guidance of health belief helps colorectal cancer high-risk population establish health belief, enhances participation rates of colonoscopy screening and has important significance to positive rates of early colorectal cance
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2017年第12期923-927,共5页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
基金
天津市卫生与计划生育委员会科技基金项目（2013KZ061）
关键词
肠肿瘤
筛查
高危人群
健康信念
Intestinal neoplasms
Screening
High-risk population
Health belief
