摘要
目的了解上海市浦东新区法定传染病发病特征和流行趋势,为总结传染病防治经验和及时调整防治策略提供科学依据。方法利用描述性研究方法对浦东新区2011-2015年中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年浦东新区共报告法定传染病28种102 669例,年均发病率383.34/10万,死亡96例,年均死亡率0.36/10万,病死率0.09%。其中,甲类1种1例,乙类19种34 774例,甲乙类传染病年均发病率129.97/10万,以血源及性传播传染病和呼吸道传染病为主;丙类8种67 895例,年均发病率253.37/10万,以手足口病为主。发病数居前五位的甲乙类传染病为梅毒、肺结核、淋病、猩红热和急性病毒性肝炎,丙类传染病为手足口病、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、其他感染性腹泻病和风疹。传染病发病以春夏季为主,4-7月为发病高峰;男女性别比为1.64:1;年龄分布集中在0~6岁和20~40岁;以散居儿童、幼托儿童、学生、工人、家政家务及待业和离退休人员为主。结论浦东新区2011-2015年法定传染病报告发病率总体呈高低波动趋势,应结合发病高峰和重点人群,针对梅毒、肺结核、手足口病等高发传染病,制定和完善传染病防治对策,严防传染病的暴发和流行。
Objective To investigate the incidence characteristics and epidemic tendency of notifiable infectious diseases （NID） in Pudong New Area, Shanghai so as to provide scientific evidence for summarizing the experience of infectious disease prevention and treatment and timely adjusting prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the epidemic data of NID in Pudong New Area during 2011-2015 reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Results A total of 102,669 cases of 28 different NID were reported in Pudong New Area during 2011-2015. The average annual incidence rate was 383.34/100,000. There were 96 death cases, with the average annual death rate being 0.36/100,000 and the case fatality rate being 0.09%. There were 1 case of 1 type A NID and 34,774 cases of 19 type B NID, the average annual incidence rate of type A and B NID was 129.97/100,000, and most of the NID were infectious diseases transmitted by blood and sexual routes and respiratory tract infectious diseases. There were 67,895 cases of 8 type C N ID, the average annual incidence rate was 253.37/100,000, and most of type C NID were hand-foot-mouth disease. The top 5 type A and B NID were syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, scarlet fever and acute viral hepatitis, while the top 5 type C NID were hand-foot-mouth disease, mumps, influenza, other infectious diarrhea and rubella. Most of NID occurred in spring and summer, and the peak incidence was from April to July. The incidence ratio between male and female was 1.64：1, and the age distri- bution concentrated in the age groups of 0-6 and 20-40 years. Most of the cases were scattered children, preschoolers, students, workers, homemaking service attendants, the unemployed and retirees. Conclusions The reported incidence rates of NID in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2011 to 2015 show a fluctuation trend. It is quite necessary to develop and refine infectious disease prevention and treatment strategies comb
作者
王静
叶楚楚
王远萍
朱渭萍
WANG Jing YE Chu-chu WANG Yuan-ping ZHU Wei-ping(Research Base of Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease in China CDC, Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200136, China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2017年第5期609-613,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
浦东新区卫生系统重点学科(PWZx2014-14)
关键词
法定传染病
疫情分析
发病率
notifiable infectious diseases
epidemic analysis
incidence rate
