摘要
为评价海洋溢油应急处置中所使用的消油剂的环境安全性,分别以发光细菌Acinetobacter sp.Rec A和海水青鳉(Oryzias melastigma)幼鱼为受试生物,对6种化学消油剂的遗传毒性进行检测.结果显示,采用发光细菌法仅检测到HLD-501(常规型)在浓度较高(500 mg/L和1 000 mg/L)时表现出一定水平的遗传毒性,其等效应的丝裂霉素C(MMC)浓度分别为0.039 mg/L和0.032 mg/L.在彗星实验中,6种消油剂对海水青鳉幼鱼细胞的DNA损伤率从高到低依次为RS-II(浓缩型)、RS-I(浓缩型)、HLD-501(常规型)、富肯-2(常规型)、RS-I(常规型)和微普(常规型),然而HLD-501(常规型)处理的3级损伤率最高,其遗传毒性最大.综上,采用两种不同营养级的受试生物对6种化学消油剂遗传毒性检测结果的相关度较好;本研究可为消油剂用于处理实际海洋溢油污染的环境安全性评价提供参考.
Chemical dispersants are widely used in emergency response of marine oil spills. However, their genotoxicity information is relatively scarce. This research aimed to evaluate the environmental safety of chemical dispersants used for rapid removal and cleaning up of marine oil spills. We used luminescent bacteria test（LBT） based on Acinetobacter sp. Rec A combined with fish exposure experiment based on marine medaka（Oryzias melastigma） to detect the genotoxicity of 6 chemical dispersants. In LBT, the 500 mg/L and 1 000 mg/L of chemical dispersant HLD-501 exhibited genotoxicity of 0.039 mg/L and 0.032 mg/L of mitomycin C（MMC）, respectively. In addition, the DNA damage ratio of O. melastigma by the 6 chemical dispersants in the comet assay was in the order of concentrate type RS-II concentrate type RS-I conventional type HLD-501 conventional type Fuken-2 conventional type RS-I conventional type Weipu. However, HLD-501 resulted in the most serious DNA damage（level 3）, being the most genotoxic among the 6 dispersants. The result of these two methods for genotoxicity detection fitted well with each other. This study could provide a useful reference for environmental safety evaluation of the chemical dispersants used in cleaning up of the marine oil spills.
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期146-151,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2014G12
2015T05)
青岛市黄岛区海洋科技专项(2014-4-20)资助~~
关键词
化学消油剂
遗传毒性
发光细菌
海水青鳉
彗星实验
chemical dispersant
genotoxicity
luminescent bacteria
Oryzias melastigma
comet assay
