摘要
为明确不同烟草类型、品种的氮素利用特点,并揭示造成氮素利用效率差异的原因,以不同氮效率烤烟品种红花大金元和白肋烟品种TN86为材料,采用苗期漂浮育苗培养法,研究了不同类型品种烟苗叶片的氮代谢关键酶活性、色素含量(质量分数)、氮素积累和生物量。结果显示,烤烟品种红花大金元烟苗的生物量较高,叶片谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性高,氮代谢同化能力强,同时烟苗叶片色素含量高,能够为烟苗的氮代谢提供充足的能量,烟苗氮素积累量大,氮素利用效率高;白肋烟品种TN86烟苗的生物量较低,叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)活性强,但GS活性弱,色素含量低,氮还原能力较强但同化能力弱,叶片总氮含量高而氮素积累量低,氮素利用效率较低。相关分析结果表明,叶片GS活性、NR活性和色素含量与烟苗氮素积累和利用效率关系密切,其中GS活性和叶绿素含量与烟苗氮素积累和利用效率的相关性最强。因此,提高烟草叶片色素含量水平和增强氮素同化能力可作为栽培技术改进和品种遗传改良的方向。
To investigate the nitrogen utilization characteristics of different tobacco types and varieties and establish the reasons behind different nitrogen utilization efficiency, experiments using two tobacco cultivars, Hongda （flue-cured tobacco） and TN86 （burley tobacco） of different nitrogen efficiencies were carried out in a floating system. The activities of key enzymes involving nitrogen metabolism, pigment content, nitrogen accumulation and biomass of seedlings of the two cultivars were determined. The results showed that： 1） The seedlings of flue-cured tobacco cv. Hongda had a higher biomass, glutamine synthetase （GS） activity and pigment content, a stronger nitrogen assimilating capacity, a larger nitrogen accumulation amount and great nitrogen utilization efficiency. 2） The seedlings of burley tobacco cv. TN86 had a lower biomass, glutamine synthetase activity and pigment content, a higher nitrate reductase （NR） activity, a stronger nitrate reduction capacity, a weaker nitrogen assimilating capacity, a higher total nitrogen content, a low nitrogen accumulation amount and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The correlation analysis suggested that glutamine synthetase activity, nitrate reductase activity and pigment content closely correlated to nitrogen accumulation and utilization efficiency, especially the correlation of glutamine synthetase activity and chlorophyll content with nitrogen accumulation and utilization efficiency. Therefore, promoting pigment contents and the nitrogen assimilation activity could be used as an approach for cultivation technology and genetic variety improvement.
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期6-11,共6页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
云南省烟草公司科技项目"提升红大烟叶品质的深化技术研究及应用"(2013YN28)
关键词
烤烟
白肋烟
氮代谢
色素
谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)
硝酸还原酶(NR)
氮同化
Flue-cured tobacco
Burley tobacco
Nitrogen metabolism
Pigment
Glutamine synthetase （GS）
Nitrate reductase （NR）
Nitrogen assimilation
