摘要
目的调查城市中老年人群对社区健康管理需求情况及其影响因素。方法于2014年10月采用方便抽样方法选取江东区白鹤、百丈、明楼、东柳和福明5个街道,从每个街道选取≥45岁并参与社区健康管理的居民150人。采用自行设计的调查问卷调查城市中老年人群对社区健康管理的认知程度和需求情况,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析中老年人群健康管理需求的影响因素。结果共获得有效问卷713份,回收有效率为95.07%。67.32%的中老年人群表示有健康管理需求。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,患慢性病种数越多、年龄越大、健康关注度和健康管理认知程度越高的中老年居民健康管理需求越强烈。健康管理服务项目需求率由高到低依次为心理咨询辅导(82.89%)、中老年人健康体检(77.84%)、健康咨询培训(47.69%)、医生随访评估(34.78%)和家庭医生签约服务(19.78%);其中男性对心理咨询辅导和健康咨询培训的需求率分别为86.35%和52.23%,均高于女性的79.79%和43.62%(P<0.05);女性对医生随访评估的需求率为38.30%,高于男性的30.86%(P<0.05)。慢性病患者对心理咨询辅导、健康体检、健康咨询培训及家庭医生签约服务的需求率均高于非慢性病患者(P<0.01)。结论城市中老年人群社区健康管理需求受慢性病患病数和年龄等因素影响,对心理咨询辅导和健康体检的需求较高;应进一步完善社区健康管理服务体系。
Objective To investigate middle-aged and old urban community residents ＇ demand on community health management as well as the influencing factors.Methods A total of 750 residents over 45 years old already incorporated in the community health management system in Jiangdong District of Ningbo were selected to be investigated by self-made questionnaires item by item and face to face.Results A total of 713（95.07%） valid questionnaires were obtained,and67.32% of the respondents showed that they needed health management.Multinomial classification logistic analysis indicated that people with more chronic diseases,older age,and higher level of health attention as well as health management cognition were more likely to choose health management.The demand percentages of health management service items from high to low in turn were psychological counseling（82.89%）,physical examination for the old residents（77.84%）,health counseling training（47.69%）,doctors ＇ follow-up and evaluation（34.78%） and the family doctor service（19.78%）.The male respondents＇ demand percentages of psychological counseling and health counseling training were 86.35% and 52.23%respectively,higher than 79.79% and 43.62% in females（P 0.05）.The female respondents ＇ demand percentage of doctors＇ follow-up and evaluation was 38.30%,higher than 30.86% in males（P 0.05）.The middle-aged and old residents suffering from chronic diseases had higher demand percentages of psychological counseling,physical examination,health counseling training and the family doctor service than those with no chronic diseases（P 0.01）.Conclusion The urban elderly residents＇ demands on community health management were influenced by chronic diseases and age,andhave health management requirements on psychological counseling and physicel examination.The relevant departments should improve community health management service system.
出处
《预防医学》
2016年第12期1189-1192,共4页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
基金
浙江省基层卫生软科学研究项目(2013JC15)
宁波市科技局社发攻关类研究项目(2014C50016)
关键词
中老年人群
健康管理
需求
Middle-aged and old people
Health management
Demand
