摘要
目的探讨2015年我院老年患者铜绿假单胞菌感染的临床特点及耐药性,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法收集2015年1-12月我院老年患者临床送检标本中分离出的铜绿假单胞菌233株,全部细菌严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行分离与培养,采用Vitek 2 Compact全自动细菌鉴定和药敏分析系统进行细菌的鉴定及药敏试验,并用Excel软件进行数据统计分析。结果纳入研究的233株铜绿假单胞菌主要来源于痰液（72.10%）,其余依次为尿液（7.73%）,引流液（4.72%）,全血（4.29%）,导管（2.58%）,腹水（2.58%）,胆汁（2.15%）,胸水（1.29%）,切口分泌物（1.29%）,咽刷、体液及脓液分别占0.43%;铜绿假单胞菌感染的主要科室是呼吸科和重症监护室,分别占33.05%及22.32%;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢唑啉及头孢西丁等抗生素的耐药率达100%,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦和复方新诺明耐药率亦达100%,仅对少数β-内酰胺类、喹诺酮类及氨基糖苷类抗生素耐药率〈30%。结论老年患者铜绿假单胞菌感染以呼吸道感染为主,由于老年感染患者的临床用药存在局限性,加之铜绿假单胞菌对绝大多数抗生素都耐药,因此必须更加重视老年患者铜绿假单胞菌感染的有效预防与合理治疗。
Objective To explore the distribution and the resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from elderly patients so as to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods From January to December 2015,233 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from elderly patients were collected,and all bacteria were separated and cultured strictly in accordance with National Clinical Laboratory Procedures. The automatic of Vitek 2 Compact was used to identify and analyze the sensitive test of drug. Results A total of 233 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly came from sputum（ 72. 10%）,followed by urine（ 7. 73%）,drainage of fluid（ 4. 72%）,blood（ 4. 29%）,catheter（ 2. 58%）,ascites（ 2. 58%）,bile secretion（ 2. 15%）,pleural effusion（ 1. 29%）,incision secretion（ 1. 29%）,pharynx brush（ 0. 43%）,body fluids（ 0. 43%） and pus（ 0. 43%）. The infection of pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly appeared in department of respiratory medicine and intensive care unit,accounting for 33. 05% and 22. 32% respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a resistant rate of 100% to ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,cefazolin,cefoxitin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin/sulbactam. The resistant rates of β-lactam,quinolones and aminoglycosides were lower than 30%. Conclusions The infection of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from senile patients mainly distributes in respiratory system. Because of the limitations of clinical treatment from their own and the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against the most antibiotics,we should pay more attention to the effective prevention and the rational treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa.
出处
《实用老年医学》
CAS
2016年第11期896-898,902,共4页
Practical Geriatrics
基金
国家自然基金青年基金(81101224)
盛京自由研究者计划(201206)
关键词
老年人
铜绿假单胞菌
临床特点
耐药性
aged
pseudomonas aeruginosa
clinical characteristics
drug resistance
