摘要
Precise measurement of enzyme activity in living systems with molecular imaging probes is becoming an important technique to unravel the functional roles of different enzymes in biological processes. Recent progress has been made in the development of a myriad of molecular imaging probes featuring different imaging modalities, including optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging, and photoacoustic imaging, allowing for non-invasive detection of various enzyme activities in vivo with high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. Among these imaging probes, activatable or ＂smart＂ probes, whose imaging signal can be specifically switched from the ＂off＂ to ＂on＂ state upon interaction with a target enzyme, are particularly attractive due to their improved sensitivity and specificity. Here, recent advances in the development of activatable probes capable of imaging different enzyme activities in vivo are summarized based on different imaging modalities, and current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
在有分子的成像探针的生活系统的酶活动的精确测量正在成为一种重要技术解开在生物过程的不同的酶的功能的角色。最近的进步在展示不同成像形式的无数分子的成像探针的开发被取得了，包括光成像，磁性的回声成像，原子成像，和 photoacoustic 成像，允许在有高敏感和高空间分辨率的 vivo 的各种各样的酶活动的非侵略的察觉。在这些成像探针， activatable 或聪明的探针之中，信号能是其成像，明确地交换了从离开到在在和目标酶的相互作用之上的状态上，由于他们的改进敏感和特性是特别地吸引人的。这里，在能够成像的 activatable 探针的发展的最近的进展在 vivo 的不同的酶活动基于不同成像形式被总结，并且当前的挑战和未来观点被讨论。
基金
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （21505070, 21632008） and Natural Foundation of Jiangsu Province （BK20150567）.
