摘要
目的了解重庆市中小学校传染病流行情况及监督现状,为制定相应的管理对策提供依据。方法对重庆市18个协作区县辖区内180所中小学校2013年1月至2016年1月传染病流行情况、学校卫生管理状况等进行调查。结果流行的传染病前7位主要是水痘(4.65‰)、流行性腮腺炎(2.35‰)、流行性感冒(1.38‰)、感染性腹泻(1.1‰)、风疹(0.75‰)、肺结核(0.66‰)、手足口病(0.5‰)。郊县学校学生传染病发病率著高于城区学校学生(P<0.05)。绝大部分学校在传染病疫情管理、学生晨检制度建设方面具有较高的合格率,但新生入学预防接种检查及预防接种补种查验方面合格率仅约50%。郊县学校传染病防控的多项指标均低于城区学校(P<0.05)。结论重庆市中小学校近年来流行的主要传染病为呼吸系统传染病如水痘、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、风疹、肺结核、手足口病,经消化道传染的疾病主要为感染性腹泻。郊县学校传染病发病率高于城区学校,提示郊县学校传染病防控需要进一步加强监督,是今后学校传染病防控监督的重点。
Objective To explore the prevalence of infectious diseases and management condition in primary and secondary school in chongqing and provide a basis for further establishment of appropriate management strategies. Methods The prevalence of infectious diseases and management conditions from 2013 to 2016 was surveyed in 180 primary and secondary schools. The survey included type of infectious diseases and management situations during the study period. Result The seven major infectious diseases included chickenpox （4.65‰）, mumps （2.35 ‰）, influenza （1.38 ‰）, infectious diarrhea （1.1‰）, rubella （0.75 ‰）, tuberculosis （0.66‰）, foot and mouth disease （0.5 ‰）. The incidence of above infectious diseases in suburban schools were significantly higher than that in countryside schools （P 〈 0.05）. Higher rate of managements for prevention infectious disease and student morning check system were found in majority of schools. Meanwhile, the pass rate for freshmen vaccination examination and vaccination replant inspection were only approximately 50%. Compared with urban schools, lower pass rate of management indicators for prevention infectious disease in suburban schools （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The major infectious diseases in recent years were chickenpox, mumps, influenza, rubella, tuberculosis, foot and mouth disease and diarrhea in primary and secondary schools in Chongqing. The prevalence of above infectious diseases was higher in suburban schools than that in urban schools. Sronger management strategies need to be carried out in suburban schools the decrease the incidence of above infectious diseases in primary and secondary school.
出处
《中国卫生监督杂志》
2016年第5期462-466,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Inspection
关键词
传染病
中小学
现状调查
管理
重庆市
Infectious diseases
Primary and secondary school
Management strategies
Cross-sectional study
