摘要
目的：了解2013年河南省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法：采用描述流行病学方法对2013年河南省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件进行分析。应用PHGIS 1.7.0绘制事件地区分布图。采用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验比较不同类别传染病突发公共卫生事件持续时间及调查处置的投入时间。结果：2013年河南省学校共报告传染病突发公共卫生事件15起;呼吸道传染病13起,肠道传染病2起。波及17 170人,发病308例,无死亡病例,罹患率为1.79%。事件分布在全省9个省辖市14个县区。农村10起,城市5起;农村罹患率（2.52%）高于城市（1.34%）（χ2=32.007,P〈0.001）。事件主要集中在3-6月和9-12月。农村小学发生事件最多,为10起。事件持续时间中位数为13 d,卫生部门调查处置投入时间中位数为29 d。乙类传染病突发公共卫生事件持续时间高于丙类及其他类传染病（χ2=6.892,P=0.032）。结论：2013年河南省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件主要是呼吸道传染病,其次是肠道传染病;春季和秋冬季为高发季节;农村小学是河南省学校传染病突发公共卫生事件发生的主要场所。需要采取综合措施来预防和控制学校传染病突发公共卫生事件的发生。
Aim： To analyze the characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools in Henan Province,2013,in order to provide the evidences for making preventive and control strategies. Methods： Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools in Henan Province,2013. Software PHGIS 1. 7. 0 was applied to make the regional distribution map of the events. KruskalWallis test was utilized to compare the duration for different categories of infectious diseases and the investigation time for health departments. Results： Fifteen infectious diseases emergency events were reported in Henan Province,2013,among which,13 events were respiratory infectious diseases,and 2 events were intestinal diseases. A total of 17 170 people were affected,and there were 308 patients,but no patients died,and the attack rate was 1. 79%. All the events were distributed in 14 counties of 9 cities. Ten events were distributed in rural areas and 5 events,in cities. The attack rate in rural areas（ 2. 52%） was significantly higher than that（ 1. 34%） in cities（ χ2= 32. 007, P〈0. 001）. The events were mainly concentrated from March to July and from September to December. Ten events occurred in primary schools in rural areas. The median duration for the events was 13 days,and the median investigation and disposal time for health departments was 29 days. The duration for category B infectious diseases was significantly higher than that for category C and other infectious diseases（ χ2= 6. 892,P = 0. 032）. Conclusion： The primary public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools in Henan Province,2013 are respiratory infectious diseases,and followed by intestinal diseases. Spring,autumn and winter are the high-occurrence seasons. Rural primary schools are the main places. Comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control school public health emergencies of infectious diseases.
出处
《郑州大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第3期347-350,共4页
Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)
基金
国家科技重大专项资助2013ZX10004-203-002
关键词
传染病
突发公共卫生事件
流行特征
学校卫生
卫生应急
河南省
infectious disease
public health emergency
epidemic characteristic
school health
health emergency
Henan Province
