摘要
[目的]为探讨兼性互利关系在生物多样性保护方面的作用,[方法]于2015年5月和10月,采用陷阱法对云南墨江县雅邑镇4种类型样地地表蚂蚁群落进行调查。[结果]显示:(1)物种组成及多度:纯砂仁地(样地I)采集蚂蚁400头,23种;从未放养紫胶虫的紫胶-砂仁混农林样地(样地II)采集蚂蚁382头,15种;曾经放养过紫胶虫的紫胶-砂仁混农林样地(样地III)采集蚂蚁406头,18种;放养紫胶虫的紫胶-砂仁混农林样地(样地IV)采集蚂蚁655头,23种。(2)多样性:4种类型样地地表蚂蚁群落物种丰富度和相对多度存在显著差异,兼性互利关系可以提高地表蚂蚁的物种丰富度和相对多度,物种丰富度大小为IV>III>II>I,相对多度排序为III>IV>II>I。(3)群落结构相似性:样地III、IV和样地II、I不相似。(4)指示物种:样地I指示物种为毛发铺道蚁,样地II指示物种为卡泼林大头蚁和茸毛铺道蚁,样地III、IV中指示物种为巴瑞弓背蚁。[结论]互利关系对蚂蚁群落的物种丰富度、相对多度和群落结构具有明显的积极影响,并且这种兼性互利关系对生物多样性保护有一定的时空效应。
[ Objective ] To understand the facultative mutualism consequence in the biodiversity conservation and its spatial and temporal characteristics. [ Method ] The ground-dwelling ant communities were investigated by pitfall traps in four types of site in Mojiang County, Yunnan Province in May and October, 2015. [ Result] （1） Species composition and relative abundance： 400 ant individuals were collected in the plot I （Fructus amomi plantation）, representing 23 species ; 382 ant individuals were collected in the plot Ⅱ （ Lac-Fructus amomi agroforestry without lac insect infestation）, representing 15 species; 406 ant individuals were collected in the plot III（ Lac-Fructus amo- mi agroforestry with lac insect infestation once）, representing 18 species; 655 ant individuals were collected in the plot IV （Lac-Fructus amomi agroforestry with lac insect infestation）, representing 23 species. （2） Ant diversity： there were significant differences of ground-dwelling ant species richness and relative abundance among the four sites. The richness and the relative abundance of ground-dwelling ant species increased by mutualism. The richness ranked as Ⅳ 〉Ⅲ 〉Ⅱ 〉 Ⅰ, and the relative abundance ranked asⅢ〉 Ⅳ 〉 Ⅱ 〉 Ⅰ. （3） Community structure similar- ity ： The ant communities of sites Ⅲ and Ⅳ were dissimilar with those in sites Ⅱ and Ⅰ. （4） Indicator species ： Tet- ramorium ciliatum Bolton was the indicator species of plot I, Pheidole capellini Emery and Tetramorium lanuginosum Mayr were the indicator species of plot Ⅱ, Camponotus parius Emery was the indicator species of plots III and IV. [ Conclusion] There were significant positive ecological consequences of facultative mutualism on ant species rich- ness, relative abundance and community structure. Facuhative mutualism had spatial and temporal effects on biodi- versity conservation.
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期714-718,共5页
Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31470493和31270561)
关键词
兼性互利关系
地表蚂蚁群落
多样性
生态效应
faeuhative mutualism
ground-dwelling ant community
diversity
ecological consequence
spatial andtemporal characteristics
