摘要
目的 了解2016年媒体报道山东疫苗案件对儿童家长预防接种态度和行为的影响,有针对性的做好后续应对处理。方法 2016年3月25日—4月7日采用互联网在线调查工具,在天津全市范围内征1 177名免疫规划适龄儿童家长参与态度调查;接种行为调查利用天津市预防接种信息系统评估案件广泛报道前后全市〈1岁儿童第一类疫苗和〈7岁儿童第二类疫苗的接种情况。结果 儿童家长对案件知晓率为98.81%,获取案件信息渠道主要是手机媒体53.44%,其次是个人电脑PC媒体25.32%;76.64%的儿童家长了解本次涉案疫苗为第二类疫苗;29.06%的儿童家长不愿意为孩子继续接种第二类疫苗,表示犹豫的占57.52%;对第一类疫苗安全性也产生担心的占74.26%,不同年龄组儿童家长担忧比例差异有统计学意义（χ2=11.95,P〈0.05）;表示不会影响子女未来第一类疫苗接种的占58.71%,另外有40.87%的家长产生犹豫;男性受影响的可能性大于女性（Z=-2.03,P〈0.05）。〈1岁儿童第一类疫苗接种率相较去年同期和去年平均接种率分别下降1.47%~8.92%和1.31%~5.44%。〈7岁儿童第二类疫苗中灭活脊灰、水痘、B型流感嗜血杆菌、轮状病毒和肺炎疫苗接种量分别下降了19.17%、42.80%、33.21%、30.71%和36.36%。结论 山东疫苗案件对儿童家长预防接种信心产生较大影响,并已传导到接种行为的改变。未来要加强正面宣传力度,采用主流媒体与新媒体相结合的方式,及时发布权威信息,恢复儿童家长对预防接种的信心。
Objective To investigate the effect of media report of illegal vaccine sales （IVS） in Shandong province in 2016 on attitude and behavior of parents about vaccination of their children in Tianjin city for implementing specific countermeasures. Methods An online survey on attitude towards vaccination was conducted among parents of preschool children from March 25 one week after the media report on IVS in Shandong province to April 7,2016 in Tianjin city;data on vaccination status of vaccines free of charge （ class A vaccines, CAVs） for children under one year old and charged vaccines （class B vaccines,CBVs） for children aged ~〈7 years before and after mass media report on the IVS were collected from Tianjin Municipal Immunization Management Information System and analyzed simultaneously. Results The awareness rate of the IVS report was 98.81% among the 1 177 parents surveyed. Of the parents knowing the IVS, 53.44% and 25.32% got the IVS information via mobile phone media and online computer;76. 64% knew that only some of CBVs were involved in the IVS reported. Of all the parents surveyed,29.06% expressed the refusal of CBVs for their children in future; 57.52% expressed the hesitation for their children to receive vaccination of CBVs;74. 26% reported the worry about the safety of CAVs, with a significant difference in the ratio among the parents of children at various ages （X2 = 11.95 ,P 〈0. 05） ;58.71% thought that IVS would not affect the vaccination of CAVs for their chil- dren in future, but 40. 87% worried about the influence of IVS on the vaccination of CAVs. There was a significant difference in the influence of IVS on the attitude towards vaccination between the fathers and the mothers surveyed （ Z = -2. 03, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Compared with those of same period and average monthly vaccination rate in 2015, the coverage rate of CAVs decreased 1.47% -8.92% and 1.31% -5.44% during March 2016 among the children under one year old; the number of children aged ≤7 years receiving CBVs decline
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期881-884,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
天津市卫生和计划生育委员会科技专项(2015KZ052)
关键词
疫苗事件
儿童家长
预防接种
态度
行为
快速调查
illegal vaccine sales
parents of children
vaccination
attitude
behavior
quick survey
