摘要
从叙事视角来看,见证叙事有两种形式。在单一视角的见证叙事中,见证人提供的大都是孤证,局外人和旁观者很难考证其真实性。在多重视角的见证叙事中,见证人提供的证词可能相互印证,也可能陷入罗生门式的证据陷阱。这就使见证叙事陷入了"见证的危机"。威尔科米尔斯基造假事件,以一种极端的方式,反证了见证人的伦理身份不容僭越。见证叙事的"罗生门",这个证据学中最为纠结的"戈尔迪之结",恰恰归结为一个伦理结。这表明,"见证的危机",其实是伦理的危机。为什么不能作伪证?如何走出见证的危机?文学伦理学批评理论与术语的建构,为回答这些问题提供了钥匙。
There are two kinds of testimonial narratives in terms of narrative perspective. In the case of testimonial narratives fxom a single point of view, the truthfulness of the witness＇s words can hardly be verified, whereas in the case of those from multiple points of view, the witnesses can either verify each others＇ words or fall into the trap of ＂Rashomon＂. That leads to the ＂crisis of witnessing＂. The Wilkomirski Affair is an extreme example to prove that the ethical identity of a witness can never be underrated. The ＂Rashomon＂ phenomenon in testimonial narratives, like the ＂Gordian knot＂ in evidence science, is fundamentally an ethical knot, and therefore, the crisis of witnessing is by nature an ethical crisis. Why can＇t a witness commit perjury？ How can a witness cope with the crisis of witnessing？ Ethical literary criticism may provide keys to these questions.
出处
《外国文学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第1期153-161,共9页
Foreign Literature Studies
基金
作者主持的国家社科基金项目"文学记忆史:理论与实践"【项目批号:11CZW002】的阶段性成果
关键词
见证叙事
伪证
证据学
文学伦理学
testimonial narrativs
perjury
evidence science
literary ethics
