摘要
目的进行2型糖尿病患者糖尿病营养知识-态度-行为调查，了解患者糖尿病营养知识与膳食行为，给个体化临床营养宣教提示。方法依据《中国居民膳食指南》（2007版）与《中国糖尿病医学营养治疗指南2013版》设计糖尿病营养知识-态度-行为调查问卷，2015年1至3月门诊就诊的2型糖尿病患者接受本调查。调查采取面对面访谈方式，由调查员直接提问，患者作答。结果共有915例患者接受了本调查，男495例，女420例。体质指数（27．23±3．18）kg／m^2，糖化血红蛋白（8．03±2．17）％。知识问题中有4项的知晓率在80％以上，但只有54．10％糖尿病患者认为糖尿病饮食应该是在均衡饮食的前提下合理选择食物，而不是单纯限制主食与肉类。在行为问题中，控制饮食的达标率均不足80％。在不同年龄、性别、病程之间，正答率差异无统计学意义。进行正答率与糖化血红蛋白两变量的相关分析，二者存在线性关系，相关系数为-0．258。正答率高的患者糖化血红蛋白水平低。结论糖尿病患者对糖尿病相关营养知识和态度有较好认知水平，但对均衡饮食的认知水平有待提高，行为达标率相对较低。
Objective To conduct an investigation on diabetes nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice in outpatients with type 2 diabetes, understand the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes to guide individualized nutrition education. Methods The diabetes nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practice（KAP） questionnairewas designed based on ＂Chinese dietary guidelines （2007）＂ and ＂Chinese diabetes medical nutrition therapy guidelines （2013）＂. Data of out-patients with type 2 diabetes from January to March 2015 were collected. The method of investigation was face-to-face interview. Results Totally 915 patients were enrolled into this survey（male 495 and female 420）. The mean BMI was （27.23 ±3.18）kg/m^2, glycosylated hemoglobin Ale （HBAle） was （8.03±2.17）%. Among the questions on knowledge, only on 4 questions the rate of awareness was over 80%, and there was a misunderstanding on diet, only 54.10% of diabetes patients believed that diabetes diet should be balanced and reasonable, rather than just limiting staple food and meat. Patients generally could realize the importance of diet for diabetes treatment. For questions on practice, the rate of reaching the standard generally was not over 80%. The rate of correct answers was not significantly different among different age groups, gender, and durations. There was a linear correlation between the rate of correct answers and glyeosylated hemoglobin （P=0.043）, the correlation coefficient was -0.258. The higher the rate of correct answers, the lower the level of glyeosylated hemoglobin. Conclusion Outpatients with type 2 diabetes had good awareness level about diabetic nutritional knowledge and attitude but the awareness level of balanced diet needs to improve, the awareness rate on behavior was relatively low.
出处
《中华健康管理学杂志》
CAS
2015年第6期427-430,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Management
关键词
糖尿病
2型
健康知识
态度
实践
问卷调查
Diabetes mellitus, type 2
Health knowledge, attitudes, practice
Questionnaires
