摘要
减少顾客的无缺陷退货依赖于制造商和零售商的共同努力。集中决策供应链系统中,制造商和零售商的最优努力水平与单位退货损失、最大退货量及对方边际成本增长率正相关,与自身边际成本增长率负相关。分散决策供应链系统中,制造商及零售商努力水平还与各自承担的退货损失比例正相关,双方均衡努力水平无法同时达到最优水平,无缺陷退货量高于系统最优值,供应链处于失调状态。分散系统的失调水平与退货损失分配相关,损失分配越均匀,失调水平越高。通过双向激励契约(惩罚-转移支付),对供应链系统进行帕累托改进,实现供应链系统协调。
Reducing non-defective returns depends on the joint efforts of both the manufacturer and the retailer.The joint effort in a centralized supply chain can maximize the system profit,which is positively correlated with the unit loss of the returns,the maximum non-defective returns,and the growth rate of competitors＇ marginal cost,but negatively correlated with the growth rate of its own marginal cost.The joint effort in a decentralized supply chain can maximize its own profit,which is also positively correlated with the unit loss from the returns.In decentralized supply chain,the manufacturer and the retailer＇s effort cannot reach the optimum simultaneously,thus non-defective returns is higher than that in a centralized supply chain and the decentralized supply chain is not coordinated.The degree of the uncoordination is related to the distribution of the returns loss.Through a bi-directional incentive contract（punishment-transfer payment）,the supply chain is Pareto-improved and coordinated.
出处
《系统管理学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期919-924,共6页
Journal of Systems & Management
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(G2015208011)
关键词
无缺陷退货
供应链协调
逆向供应链
惩罚-转移支付契约
non-defective returns
reverse supply chain
supply chain coordination
punishment-transfer payments contract
