摘要
L-型氨基酸转运体1(LAT1)是L-型氨基酸转运蛋白家族的一个成员,它是由两条多肽链通过二硫键形成的异二聚体,也是异二聚体氨基酸转运体SLC7亚家族的重要成员。LAT1的主要功能是介导一些分子中含有苯环或者支链的、分子质量较大的、体液环境中酸碱性呈中性的氨基酸(L-亮氨酸、L-甲硫氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸等)及其类似物(美法仑、多巴和甲状腺素等)的跨膜转运,其跨膜转运方式为不依赖Na^+和ATP的协助扩散。LAT1转运体在许多肿瘤细胞中有特异性的高表达,且其表达程度与临床上肿瘤的分期情况及治疗预后有密切的联系。LAT1不仅被证明在肿瘤诊断中具有重要意义,也是一个潜在的肿瘤治疗靶点。本文对LAT1的结构和转运特点进行了阐述,并总结了LAT1在肿瘤诊断和治疗中的最新研究进展。
L-amino acid transporter 1 （ LAT1） is a member of L-amino transporter family and an important heterodimeric amino acid transporter that belongs to subfamily of SLC7. LAT1 mainly mediates trans-membrane transportation of those neutral amino acids that had cyclobenzene or long side chains with high molecular mass such as L-Leu, L-Met and L-Phe as well as some amino acid analogues such as melphalan, L-DOPA and thyroxine in a Na＋and ATP-independent diffusion. As LAT1 was abnormally overexpressed in various transformed cell lines, it might be related with tumor stage and prognosis. It is not only a biomarker that specifically expressed in some tumor cells but also plays an important role in tumor diagnosis and therapy. Here we demonstrate the structure of LAT1 and its mechanism in transport peculiarity. We also reviewed the development of LAT1 in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
出处
《天津医药》
CAS
2015年第12期1456-1459,共4页
Tianjin Medical Journal
基金
国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项"新药临床前药物代谢动力学技术平台建设"(2012ZX09304002)
