摘要
基于WIOD数据库,本文对1999~2011年中国和印度制造业中间投入服务化水平进行了测算和比较。结果发现：（1）整体上看,印度制造业中间服务投入率不断提升,而中国制造业中间服务投入率基本保持稳定甚至略有下降;（2）中、印制造业企业对＂批发零售业＂＂运输邮电＂作为中间投入品的依赖程度要高于＂金融保险＂＂房地产、租赁和商业服务＂与＂住宿餐饮＂;（3）中国制造业对服务中间投入的依赖度一直徘徊不前,对＂批发零售＂＂金融保险业＂的依赖度要明显低于印度,且该差距在不断扩大;（4）近年来中国技术密集型制造业的服务中间投入率有所提升,与资金、技术密集型制造业比较而言,中国在劳动密集型制造业上的服务投入率与印度的差距最大。针对上述结论,本文逐一进行分析解释,并在此基础上提出了一系列对策建议。
Based on WIOD database, the ratios of intermediate service inputs in manufacturing sector in China and India from 1999 to 2011 are calculated and compared. The results are as follows： firstly, on the whole, the intermediate service inputs rate of India is rising steadily, while the rate of China is stable or even declining; secondly, both in China and India, the reliance of manufacturing on ＂wholesale and retail trade＂ and ＂transport and telecommunications＂ as intermediate inputs is higher than that on ＂finance and insurance＂, ＂real estate,renting and business services＂ and ＂accommodation and catering＂; thirdly, the degree of reliance on various service sub - sectors is still stagnating in China,the reliance on the ＂wholesale and retail＂, ＂finance and insurance＂ in China is significantly lower than that in India and the gap is getting bigger; fourthly,in recent years, the intermediate service input rate in capital-intensive manufacturing sector has been higher in China. Compared with the capital-intensive and technology - intensive manufactures, the service inputs rate gap in the labor - intensive manufacture between China and India is the biggest. Each of the above conclusions is further analyzed in this article and based on that, relevant suggestions are offered.
基金
北京市社科基金一般项目"中国服务业改革对北京现代制造业生产效率的影响测度及异质性考察"(14JGB064)
北京市社科联青年社科人才资助项目"北京
上海
广州现代制造业中间投入服务化水平测算及比较研究"(2015SKL015)的阶段性成果
关键词
制造业
服务投入
中间需求
影响力系数
感应度系数
Manufacturing sector
Service inputs
Intermediate demand
Influence coefficient
Reaction coefficient
