摘要
对于面孔性别与表情的关系,目前的理论尚不完善。而众多研究证据表明,面孔熟悉度与面孔性别及表情的加工均有密切关系。本研究基于Garner范式考察了在不同面孔熟悉度下面孔性别与表情的相互关系。共包括4项实验:实验1,面孔刺激的身份陌生且不重复,刺激在Garner范式的控制组和正交组中均仅呈现一次,面孔熟悉度低;实验2,除面孔刺激的身份重复外,其余均同实验1,面孔熟悉度中等;实验3,面孔刺激的身份陌生且不重复,但分别在控制组和正交组中重复呈现多次,面孔熟悉度高;实验4,通过面孔学习增加面孔的熟悉度,以直接验证面孔熟悉度的增加对面孔性别与表情相互关系的影响。结果发现:对于陌生面孔,表情单向影响面孔性别的加工;随着面孔熟悉度的增加,面孔性别与表情之间出现双向的影响。因此,面孔熟悉度对面孔性别与表情的相互影响具有调节作用。
The interaction between facial gender and emotional expression has been a consistent debate. In some impactful theories about face cognition, such as the theory of Haxby, Hoffman and Gobbini（2000）, facial gender and emotional expression are described as processing independently. But there are also empirical evidences to suggest that facial gender and emotional expression process interdependently. Researchers who concerned about the interaction between facial gender and emotional expression seemed to ignore the role of facial familiarity. Based on given evidences of facial familiarity＇s effects on the processing of facial gender and on the processing of emotional expression, we hypothesize that facial familiarity will module the relationship between facial gender and emotional expression.The experiments were all based on Garner＇s selective attention paradigm（Garner, 1976）. The main logic of this paradigm is that, if selective attention is possible in the presence of irrelevant dimension, then the two dimensions under investigation could be declared independent or ＂separable,＂ if not, the dimensions are ＂integrality.＂ In our experiments, participants were required to make speeded facial gender（or expression） classification to four types of stimuli（angry-male, angry-female, happy-male, happy-female）. They were instructed to ignore facial gender（or expression） when making expression（or facial gender） classification. Stimuli were presented in two different conditions termed control and orthogonal conditions, and participants should finish both conditions. In the control condition, stimuli varied along only the relevant dimension and the irrelevant dimension was held constant. In the orthogonal condition, stimuli varied along both the relevant dimension and the irrelevant dimension. In experiment 1（low facial familiarity）, we used 16 strange face stimuli with 16 identities. Each stimulus was presented only once in both control condition and orthogonal condition. With a between-su
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第10期1201-1212,共12页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31371039)
浙江省自然科学基金(LY12C09004)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(11YJA190025)资助
