摘要
目的以雨生红球藻为原料,研究有机溶剂提取虾青素的条件及其稳定性。方法通过试验选取乙酸乙酯、丙酮、二氯甲烷、无水乙醇和二氯甲烷∶丙酮（2∶1）为提取溶剂,研究不同提取溶剂对虾青素提取效果的影响;应用试验得到的最佳溶剂分别于20、30、40、50、60、70、80℃下提取虾青素,确定最佳提取温度;在所得到的最适温度和溶剂下分别提取1、1.5、2、2.5、3 h确定最佳提取时间;设定提取次数分别为1、2、3次,提取后测定其OD480,研究提取次数对虾青素提取效果的影响;采用上述实验中优选出的提取溶剂、温度和时间,料液比分别取1∶5、1∶10、1∶15、1∶20、1∶25,1∶30、1∶35、1∶40,提取完成后测定其OD480,考察不同料液比对总虾青素提取率的影响。测定虾青素提取液在不同光照（自然光、日光、避光）、温度（30、40、50、60、70、80℃）、酸碱度（pH 8-14）等条件下的吸光度,以研究虾青素的稳定性。结果虾青素的提取中二次提取可获得90%虾青素,当料液比为1∶25时所测吸光值最大;二氯甲烷∶丙酮（2∶1）为最佳提取液。随光照强度增加以及碱浓度增加,虾青素的降解增加。60℃以下,温度对虾青素的影响较小,60℃以上,虾青素开始受热破坏。结论二氯甲烷∶丙酮（2∶1）是最适的提取溶剂,1∶25为最佳料液比;二次提取后已经提取出大部分虾青素,光照可导致虾青素的降解,虾青素对碱不稳定;虾青素在60℃以下比较稳定。
Objective To study the conditions and stability of astaxanthin extracted by organic solvent, taking Haematococcus pluvialis as raw materials. Methods The ethyl acetate, acetone, methylene chloride, absolute ethyl alcohol and methylene chloride ∶ acetone（2∶1） were selected as extraction solvent by experiments, the effect of different extraction solvents for extraction of astaxanthin was studied; the optimum solvent gained from the experiment was used to extract astaxanthin at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80℃, so as to determine the optimum extraction temperature; under the gained optimum temperature and solvent, the astaxanthin was extracted for 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 h respectively, so as to determine the optimum extraction time; the extraction times were set as 1, 2, 3 times, OD480 was measured after extraction, so as to study the effect of extraction times for extraction of astaxanthin; under the gained optimum solvent, temperature and time in the above experiments, the ratios of material to solvent were taken as 1∶5, 1∶10, 1∶15, 1∶20, 1∶25, 1∶30, 1∶35, 1∶40,OD480 was measured after extraction, so as to investigate the effect of different ratios of material to solvent for extraction of astaxanthin. The stability of astaxanthin was researched, and the absorbance of astaxanthin extracting solution was determined at different conditions of light（natural light, sunlight, lucifuge）, temperature（30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80℃）,acid-base（pH 8- 14）, and so on. Results In the extraction of astaxanthin, the secondary extraction can obtain 90% of astaxanthin. When the ratio of material to solvent was 1 ∶25, the measured absorbance was maximum. Methylene chloride∶acetone（2∶1） was the best extracting solution. The degradation of astaxanthin increased with the increase of light intensity and the increase of alkali concentration. Below 60℃, the effect of temperature on astaxanthin was small. Above60℃, astaxanthin began to be heated and damaged. Conclusion Methylene chloride ∶ acetone（2
出处
《中国医药导报》
CAS
2015年第23期25-28,共4页
China Medical Herald
基金
中国煤炭工业协会科学技术研究指导性计划项目(MTKJ2014-286)
关键词
雨生红球藻
虾青素
丙酮
提取
稳定性
Haematococcus pluvialis
Astaxanthin
Acetone
Extraction
Stability
