摘要
美国博士学位授予规模的数据有两个权威来源,即NSF和NCES的年度普查报告。前者针对研究型博士且只有一种统计口径,后者面向所有类型博士并有新旧两种统计口径,从二者的历史数据中可以勾勒出三种不同统计口径下的美国博士规模发展轨迹。对比我国博士规模分析发现,NSF统计口径下的美国研究型博士规模略高于我国,NCES原有统计口径下的美国博士规模明显高于我国,而NCES最新统计口径下的美国博士规模则远远高于我国。已有研究低估了美国博士规模,因此有必要重新认识这一基本问题。
There are two authoritative sources for the data of doctor＇s degrees conferred in America： the annual census report organized by the NSF and the annual census report funded by the NCES. The former aims at the research doctorates and has only one statistical caliber, the latter directs at all types of doctorates and has both old and new statistical calibers, so we can draw three different development tracks of American doctorates from the history data. Contrasting with the scale of the Chinese doctorates, we find that： firstly, the scale of American research doctorates under the statistical caliber of the NSF is a little more than the scale of Chinese research doctorates; secondly, the scale of American doctorates under the old statistical caliber of the NCES is obviously larger than Chinese doctorates; thirdly, the scale of American doctorates under the new statistical caliber of the NCES is much larger than Chinese doctorates. The existing researches have underestimated the scale of American doctorates, so it is necessary to re-recognize the essential question.
出处
《中国高教研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第8期76-81,共6页
China Higher Education Research
