摘要
英国纽卡斯尔大学教育、交流和语言科学学院的苏伽特·米特拉(Sugata Mitra)教授在印度、柬埔寨、英国等地开展了著名的"墙中洞"教育实验。其研究结论表明:贫穷地区的学生在没有教师指导的情况下,利用互联网以小组协作的形式,同样能够完成计算机、英语、数学等学科内容的学习,而且其学习成绩与有教师讲授的班级几乎没有差异。苏伽特·米特拉教授由此提出"自组织学习环境"(SOLEs)的理论体系,主要囊括自组织学习系统、形成条件、学习动力圈、最小干预教育探究循环圈、信息流五大部分。自组织学习环境理论是在大量实践中形成的,并指导着实践应用。在实践应用过程中,使用者应注意区分SOLEs的不同应用场景,清楚不同活动阶段的处理方法和策略,尤其应处理好四个方面的挑战:如何让学生自主探究问题,如何更好地激发学生参与活动的兴趣,如何更好地让小组发现和聚焦研究问题,如何让助手的行为更加精确。
Professor Sugata Mitra, from the School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences at Newcastle University of United Kingdom, conducted the well-known educational experiment of ＂Hole in the Wall＂ in India, Cambodia, and the United Kingdom. His findings show that students, in less developed areas, even in the absence of any direct instruction from a teacher, were able to complete the learning of such courses as Computer, English, Mathematics and other subjects with Interact-aided team collaboration and their academic scores showed no significant differences from those with teachers＇ instruction. Professor Sugata Mitra thus proposed the theory system of ＂self-organized learning environments＂（SOLEs）, including the five parts： serf-organized learning system, conditions of formation, leaming dynamic circle, educational exploration cycle with minimal intervention and information flow. The formation and perfection of the theory system is based on a large number of practical applications of self-organized leaming environment. In its application, users should pay attention to the different user scenarios and be clear of methods and strategies for different stages of activity. In particular, users should handle the challenges in the following aspects： how to let students explore issues on their own, how to better stimulate students＇ interest in participating in activities, how to better let the team discover and focus on research questions, and how to make the assistant＇s intervention more accurately.
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
2015年第4期33-40,共8页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2013年度教育学青年课题"教师网络学习社区的自组织对知识建构的影响研究"(CCA130136)
关键词
自组织学习环境
Sugata
Mitra
墙中洞实验
理论体系
实践应用
Self-Organized Learning Environments
Sugata Mitra
Experiment of the Hole in the Wall
Theoretical System
Practical Application
